Jewish History

[surada]

Oh----I get confused between the tea companies and the many sects of Protestantism that they dropped thruout New York and New Jersey---with Hispanic and Portuguese catholicism thrown in --no wonder the Quakers took themselves into obscurity in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It is not clear to me what slaves were doing for the New Amsterdam Calvinists or how Stuyvesant became a "hero".

It is confusing. I think Dutch West Indies was not only the most successful, but also the only slaver..

Peter Stuyvesant was Dutch Reformed Church and a hypocrite. He owned 42 slaves.

 

[Sixties Fan]

We're talking about the Dutch West Indies company. They provided slaves for the sugar plantations in Recife Brazil. They also brought slaves to New Amsterdam.

The East India tea company was English.

East India Company - Wikipedia

en.m.wikipedia.org

But THE EXPELLED JEWS...............
That is what you posted about.

DID those expelled Jews TAKE slaves with them when EXPELLED by the Portuguese government in Recife, Brazil????????

You know what I mean, what we all mean.

And you are never going to give us that answer because it does not exist.

That Jews were expelled in 1654 from Recife is a fact, in all sources. That they took slaves with them THAT came from your brain, no source exists to that.


Bye, bye

 

[Mushroom]

According to Fishman (1997:5-6) “the Dutch West India Company sold 15,430 African slaves to sugar plantations owners in Brazil. During the years 1623-26, Dutch plunderers captured 23,000 slaves from Spanish slave ships. Some of these slaves were sent to New Amsterdam.
Montclair State University › research
Part 1 – Early Settlement And The Rise Of Slavery In Colonial Dutch ...

That is not a link to the evidence, that is a link to a university.

Wow, when you fail you fail big.

Here is the entire quote, as you cut it off for some reason.

According to Fishman (1997:5-6) “the Dutch West India Company sold 15,430 African slaves to sugar plantations owners in Brazil. During the years 1623-26, Dutch plunderers captured 23,000 slaves from Spanish slave ships. Some of these slaves were sent to New Amsterdam. Dutch slave trading activities were expended in 1637 with the Dutch capture of the Portuguese-controlled slave trading castle Elmina on the coast of Guinea.”

Part 1 – Early Settlement and the Rise of Slavery in Colonial Dutch New Jersey

The history of settlement in northern New Jersey begins with settlement of New Netherland, which was originally based in what is now Manhattan. The story of the first settler sets the stage. Captain Thijs Volchertz Mossel sailed the vessel Jonge Tobias in the Hudson River harbor in 1613. Mossell...

www.montclair.edu

Notice, nowhere in that quote whatsoever does it even mention Jews. In fact, nowhere in that entire article are Jews mentioned at all anywhere.

And it is relying upon a single reference source and no others in their claims.

Fishman, George. 1997. The African American Struggle for Freedom and Equality: The Development of a People’s Identity, 1624-1850. Garland Publishing.

So after all that struggle to avoid giving a reference, not only is your reference only a single source, it says absolutely nothing about what you claim it does. Primarily that the Jews took slaves from Brazil. The fact that your reference does not even mention Jews at all is an even more hilarious fail.

But do you see the above where I actually posted a reference? That is how it should be done, which is about as close as one can get to an APA citation in an online post. If you were to try and turn this in at even a High School level class without an APA citation that could be verified and actually said what you claimed it did, your submission would likely be rejected and graded as a fail.

A fail, just like your claims. Now I see why you were fighting so hard to avoid giving references, it said nothing that you claimed it did.

 

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• Purim of the Curtains (1623)
After a respected Jew was falsely accused of stealing the royal curtains from the governor's palace, the entire Jewish community of Prague was in mortal danger.

After miraculous intervention, the real culprit confessed to the crime, sparing the Jews of the city

To commemorate this event, "Purim of the Curtains" was instituted to thank G-d for the miraculous salvation.

 

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• Decree of Expulsion Issued for Portuguese Jews (1496)
Following the death of King Joao of Portugal in 1494, his son King Manuel I ascended the throne. When his legitimacy as heir to the throne was challenged, Manuel wished to marry Princess Isabel of Spain, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, in order to solidify his position. As a precondition to the marriage, the Spanish monarch demanded that Portugal expel its Jews—many of whom were refugees from the 1492 Spanish Expulsion who found refuge in the neighboring country of Portugal. Manuel agreed, and five days after the marriage agreement was signed, on Tevet 23 (5257), he issued a decree giving Portugal's Jews eleven months to leave the country.

Appreciating the Jews' economic value, Manuel was unhappy with the potential loss of this economic asset, and devised a way to have the Jews stay in Portugal—but as Christians. Initially, he instructed the Jews to leave from one of three ports, but soon he restricted them to leaving from Lisbon only. When October of 1497 arrived, thousands of Jews assembled there and were forcibly baptized. Many Jews stayed and kept their Jewish faith secret; they were called Marranos or Crypto-Jews.

Over the next 350 years, the infamous Inquisition persecuted, tortured and burned at the stake thousands of hidden Jews throughout Spain, Portugal and their colonies for continuing to secretly practice the Jewish faith.

 

[Sixties Fan]

Safed Earthquake (1837)
A devastating earthquake struck northern Israel, killing four thousand Jews in Safed and between 700 to 1000 Jews in Tiberias. Many of the survivors migrated to Hebron, rejuvenating the developing Chabad community established there 10 years earlier by the second Rebbe of Chabad, Rabbi DovBer of Lubavitch.

• Mt. Sinai Hospital (1852)
One of the first hospitals in America under Jewish direction, Mount Sinai Hospital, was founded in New York on this date in 1852.

 

[surada]

But THE EXPELLED JEWS...............
That is what you posted about.

DID those expelled Jews TAKE slaves with them when EXPELLED by the Portuguese government in Recife, Brazil????????

You know what I mean, what we all mean.

And you are never going to give us that answer because it does not exist.

That Jews were expelled in 1654 from Recife is a fact, in all sources. That they took slaves with them THAT came from your brain, no source exists to that.

Apparently so. That's why I said look at their inventors.
Bye, bye

Apparently so. That's why I said look at their inventories.

 

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• Chovot Halevavot published (1559)
Chovot Halevavot, the classical work on Jewish ethics, was authored by Rabbi Bachya ben Yosef ibn Paquda (the first "Rabbeinu Bechayei") on or before 1161, and translated into Hebrew from the original Arabic by the famed translator R. Judah ibn Tibbon in 1167. It was first published on the 25th of Tevet of the year 5319 from creation (1559).

 

[Sixties Fan]

The Jewish community of Porto has released a trailer for a full-length historical film about the massacre of the Jews of Lisbon that took place in the Portuguese capital in 1506. The trailer has received over 150k views on YouTube so far.

The film, titled “1506", will premiere on April 19, 2024, exactly 518 years since the massacre occurred. It was produced by Portuguese company LightBox and the script, which aims to accurately recreate the historical event, was based on research carried out at the Alberto Benveniste Research Center for Sephardic Studies at the University of Lisbon.

New film on 1506 massacre of Lisbon Jews garners worldwide attention

As many as 4,000 Jews were brutally murdered in the Lisbon massacre between April 19 and 21, 1506.

www.jpost.com

 

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• Sicilian Jews Forced to Wear Jewish Badges (1369)
On December 25, 1369 (5129), King Frederick III of Sicily ordered all Jews to wear a badge indicating their heritage. The badge consisted of a piece of red material, not smaller than the largest royal seal; men were required to wear it under the chin, and women on the chest.

 

[Sixties Fan]

Alanis Morissette uncovers her family’s Holocaust history

Seven-time Grammy Award winner Alanis Morissette was raised Catholic and is now a practicing Buddhist. But her mother was born in Hungary to two Holocaust survivor parents.

www.jpost.com

 

[Zebra]

You could fill a building the size of the Smithsonian with Jewish history.

true!

 

[Sixties Fan]

Regina Jonas | My Jewish Learning

Regina Jonas: the first female rabbi and how she was almost forgotten.

www.myjewishlearning.com

 

[Sixties Fan]

What is the Tree of Life (Etz Chaim)? | My Jewish Learning

The Hebrew term etz chaim (literally “tree of life”) is a common one in Jewish life, often used to refer to ...

www.myjewishlearning.com

 

[Sixties Fan]

Gabriel Attal, 34, was announced as the new prime minister by President Emmanuel Macron, following the resignation last week of his predecessor, Elisabeth Borne. Attal previously served as the spokesperson for the center-right government and most recently as education minister.

Born to a Russian Orthodox mother, Attal did not grow up in the Jewish faith. However, his late father, Yvan Attal, a successful lawyer and film producer, was a Tunisian Jew. In interviews with the news outlet Liberation in 2019 and the magazine Gala in 2021, the younger Attal talked about an awareness of antisemitism from an early age that came from his father.

(full article online)

France Appoints Politician of Jewish Origin as Youngest PM in Its History - Algemeiner.com

France on Tuesday appointed its youngest ever prime minister who is also the first openly gay man to hold the post — and the fourth incumbent of Jewish origin in the country's history. Gabriel Attal, 34, was announced as the new prime minister by President Emmanuel Macron, following the...

www.algemeiner.com

 

[Zebra]

Walking in historic Palermo, regional capital of Sicily – the vast island off of the boot of the Italian peninsula – visitors will see street signs written in Hebrew and Arabic, as well as Italian. The newly-placed signs pay homage to the island’s Jewish and Moorish roots. Though little survives, the Jewish presence in Sicily dates back to the Roman era and represents an important page of the island’s history, as explained in the temporary exhibit “Documenti di storia ebraica dalle collezioni del Museo Salinas,” (Documents of Jewish history from the collections of Salinas Museum) at Palermo’s Regional Archaeological Museum Antonio Salinas.
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As explained in the exhibition, only several centuries later the oblivion surrounding the Jews of Sicily began to lift, with scholars starting to take a new interest in the topic.

“In the second half of the nineteenth century, studies on the Jewish world flourished,” Ferruzza told the Post, noting that already in 1748, when King Charles III of Spain for the first time allowed Jews to reside in some cities in Sicily, a tractate on the Jewish history of the island was compiled, albeit with a decisive antisemitic perspective. The volume is on display.

The turning point was represented by the Risorgimento (the unification of Italy in 1870), a process that saw Italian Jews heavily involved and on the front line. In the newly-established kingdom, Jews also receive full equality in all its territories for the first time in history.

“After the unification of Italy, we had a number of articles on the topic of the Jewish presence in Sicily, often promoted by Italian patriots who seemed to think that in order to build the Italian national identity was important to bring to light the memory of this important element of Sicilian history that had been forgotten,” the curator highlighted. “It is a topic that we would like to further explore.”

Today only a few dozen people in Sicily identify as Jewish. Palermo has only recently officially become a branch of the Jewish Community of Naples after in 2017 the Catholic Church offered to local Jews the use of the Oratory of Santa Maria del Sabato, a monastery believed to stand where the magnificent synagogue described by Bartenura was once located.

As it happened in Spain, in 1492, many Jews who were forced to either leave or convert pretended to do so and kept their Judaism secret. Centuries later, their descendants are often re-discovering their Jewish roots and seeking a connection. For now, it is still isolated cases. But the history of the Jewish presence in the island might be far from over, after all.

(full article online)

Little-known Jewish history of Sicily on display centuries after expulsion

. “After 1492, Jews had to leave the island and their possessions were sold, destroyed or reused for other purposes, as it happened to many of the Jewish sites."

www.jpost.com

interesting!

 

[Sixties Fan]

 

[Sixties Fan]

Jews of Tripoli Saved (1795)
In 1793, Tripoli (in what is now Libya) fell under the rule of the cruel Ali Burghul, who took advantage of divisions within the local leadership to take control of the city. Burghul terrorized the city’s inhabitants—especially the Jews—with excessive taxes and unjust executions. Among those executed was the son of R. Abraham Khalfon, the head of the Jewish community.

In 1795, a local Jew helped negotiate an agreement between the opposing factions, and on 29 Teves they succeeded in driving Burghul out of the city. The community celebrated this day each year as a day of rejoicing, and would recite a special hymn recounting the miracle (printed in Se’u Zimrah, pp. 191ff.).

The community of Tripoli kept a similar date of rejoicing one week earlier, on 23 Teves, commemorating the date (in 1705) when a siege that had been placed on the city by the ruler of Tunisia was lifted.

 

[surada]

Jews of Tripoli Saved (1795)
In 1793, Tripoli (in what is now Libya) fell under the rule of the cruel Ali Burghul, who took advantage of divisions within the local leadership to take control of the city. Burghul terrorized the city’s inhabitants—especially the Jews—with excessive taxes and unjust executions. Among those executed was the son of R. Abraham Khalfon, the head of the Jewish community.

In 1795, a local Jew helped negotiate an agreement between the opposing factions, and on 29 Teves they succeeded in driving Burghul out of the city. The community celebrated this day each year as a day of rejoicing, and would recite a special hymn recounting the miracle (printed in Se’u Zimrah, pp. 191ff.).

The community of Tripoli kept a similar date of rejoicing one week earlier, on 23 Teves, commemorating the date (in 1705) when a siege that had been placed on the city by the ruler of Tunisia was lifted.

There were Jews in Libya when I lived there. They didn't leave until 1973.

 

[Sixties Fan]

• Purim Rome (1793)

On this day, Shevat 2 (January 14, 1793), a frenzied mob gathered around the Jewish ghetto of Rome with the intention of setting it on fire. Miraculously, heavy rains began to fall, and it became impossible for the bloodthirsty horde to carry out their plans, thus saving the homes and lives of the Jews from destruction. Every year, that day, also known as Moed di Piombo (“Holiday of Gray [Clouds]”), has been celebrated as a day of thanksgiving by the Jews of Rome.