Groom Lake and Area 51 were never "The Skunk Works". That was originally at the Lockheed Burbank plant, where such aircraft as the P-38, SR-71, and F-117 were developed and built.
But by the late-1980's that area was shifting to residential and commercial, so it was moved to Plant 42 in Palmdale. There the B-1, B-2. and F-35 were developed and built.
Groom Lake is simply a test area where those aircraft and others that are of a "black" nature are tested. As opposed to at Edwards Air Force Base where public tests are conducted.
It helps if you first know what you are talking about.
EXCERPTS:
...
Skunk Works is an official
pseudonym for
Lockheed Martin's
Advanced Development Programs (
ADP), formerly called
Lockheed Advanced Development Projects. It is responsible for a number of aircraft designs, beginning with the
P-38 Lightning in 1939
[1][2] and the
P-80 Shooting Star in 1943. Skunk Works engineers subsequently developed the
U-2,
SR-71 Blackbird,
F-117 Nighthawk,
F-22 Raptor, and
F-35 Lightning II, the latter being used in the
air forces of several countries.
The Skunk Works name was taken from the moonshine factory in the comic strip
Li'l Abner. The designation
"skunk works" or "skunkworks" is widely used in business, engineering, and technical fields to describe a group within an organization given a high degree of autonomy and unhampered by bureaucracy, with the task of working on advanced or secret projects.
...
There are conflicting observations about the birth of Skunk Works.
Ben Rich and
"Kelly" Johnson set the origin as June 1943 in
Burbank,
California; they relate essentially the same chronology in their autobiographies.
[3] Their's is the official
Lockheed Skunk Works story:
...
1950s to 1990s
Assembly line of the SR-71 Blackbird at Skunk Works
In 1955, the Skunk Works received a contract from the
CIA to build a spyplane known as the
U-2 with the intention of flying over the Soviet Union and photographing sites of strategic interest. The U-2 was tested at
Groom Lake in the
Nevada desert, and the Flight Test Engineer in charge was
Joseph F. Ware, Jr. The first overflight took place on July 4
1956. The U-2 ceased overflights when
Francis Gary Powers was shot down during a mission on May 1, 1960, while over Russia.
The Skunk Works had predicted that the U-2 would have a limited operational life over the Soviet Union. The CIA agreed. In late 1959, Skunk Works received a contract to build five
A-12 aircraft at a cost of $96 million. Building a
Mach 3.0+ aircraft out of
titanium posed enormous difficulties, and the first flight did not occur until 1962. (Titanium supply was largely dominated by the Soviet Union, so the CIA set up a dummy corporation to acquire source material.) Several years later, the
U.S. Air Force became interested in the design, and it ordered the
SR-71 Blackbird, a two-seater version of the A-12. This aircraft first flew in 1966 and remained in service until 1998.
...
en.wikipedia.org
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
As usual in such affairs, there is a "confused" and "convoluted" history ...
en.wikipedia.org