"A month of maternity leave is another thing altogether. Why should other workers have to pay the cost of people who don't want to bear the cost of having offspring? Having an employee gone for a month is a huge burden on an employer. It can threaten the survival of the company."
While I understand your point of view, if one employee is gone for a month and that threatens the survival of the company, then something is very awry and wrong... severely wrong..with the company. A company such as that should not be allowed to survive.
It depends on the employee. If we're talking about some grocery bagger, then no, it won't endanger the company. If we're talking about some key person working on a big project, then it can. Many companies simply can't allow a position to go unfilled for an entire month, and there are many highly skilled positions that you just can't fill at the drop of a hat.
Furthermore, companies that hire a lot of young workers can have a real problem on their hands just from the number of employees who get pregnant. When I first graduated it seems like every other woman in the company I worked for was pregnant.