An instructive example is the situation in Nazi-occupied France. After D-Day, when the German army was disorganized and on the run, armed resistance and attack by the Partisan forces was a significant factor in driving the Germans out -- especially in Paris....what an absurd position it is to think that handguns, rifles, shotguns, etc. are a guarantee against some paranoid fear of "government". If your strange sort of nightmare actually came true, and the evil liberals came for you in the night, your civilian guns would count for nothing. They are of almost no value against a modern, organized, equipped military force, such as the US and all other modern industrial nations have. You are living out an NRA fantasy, in which the recollections of old cowboy movies come to mind, and the idea of the rugged frontiersman looms large, which is just what is hoped for.
But before then, for four long years, the civilian opposition to the invaders was insignificant, and the French Resistance was merely a minor annoyance to the Nazis -- and the Nazi resources were primitive compared to those of the present US military machine.
And it certainly was not the case that the French Resistance lacked arms and organization -- the Allies provided as much of both as they thought practicable. It's just that the Allies were much more realistic than the loony-tune, ignorant "militias" in the perennially unsophisticated USA.
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A German general in the occupation forces in 1940, when told by a junior officer that the various police forces around the country were still in possession of small arms, exclaimed that he didn't give a damn about the police, or small arms.
There is a huge difference between a bunch of people with some guns and a few rounds of ammo, and an organized military force.