Congressman Ryan would repeal the federal estate tax, which affects only the very largest
estates (less than one percent of estates, in recent years). He would also repeal the corporate
income tax and replace it with an 8.5 percent “business consumption tax,” the same thing as a
value-added tax (VAT).
Retail businesses would collect the full VAT from consumers, so it would have the same
regressive effects as a sales tax. Low- and middle-income families spend most or all of their
income on consumption, since they have little or no money left to save after paying for basic
necessities. High-income families are able to save much more of their income. This means that
if Congress enacts a tax that applies only to consumption (like a VAT or national sales tax), it
would eat up a much larger percentage of total income for poor and middle-class families than
for wealthy families.