Here's a link to a chart showing Sunspot Activity correlated with global
climate change going back 7,500 years with the data collected from ice
cores, tree rings, and historical records.
7,500 YEAR CHART
CHART LEGEND
OK, that was a link to the chart. What is the source of the chart?
I'm Glad you asked, Oldrocks. This information (Chart and Legend) are from Astronomy
Magazine long before Global Warming was thought to be an issue, back in
February of 1981. That alone should lend credence to the following
information. Here is something I wrote earlier on the subject of Global
Warming or Climate Change for another forum. I did not post the chart and
data because of the amount of space they take up on the forum page, like
for instance what the image/chart just above this post did to the window
we're looking at right now. But a quote-to-reply could be generated by
anyone interested and then preview them next to each other on this page for
a quick review of the chart and data juxtaposed.
Here's what I wrote earlier on this subject explaining the chart and its source
and the scientists (Astronomers) involved:
"I have a feeling, that before too long we’ll understand, or at least accept a
lot more about global climate change than now, and it won’t be about
warming. Many regions of the world would benefit from some warming. But
the greatest threat all along has been from cooling. Let me be clear here, I
do not mean to imply that we don’t need to be cautious about what we put
into the atmosphere. However what is now known as the Maunder Minimum
(MM) should’ve told us something about the possibilities for the future.
The MM is often described as comprising a period of time of about a century,
but in fact the entire period of minimized solar activity included a well
defined period of at least 300 years, but from beginning to end climate was
changed for at least 500 years (1320 to 1850).
We have just reached a
recovery peak of warming from that solar induced cooling. In climate, after
every high, predictably comes a low, and that low will effect more lives than
a beneficent warming period ever had.
The MM began with a precipitous drop of sunspot activity about 1320
followed by a drop in carbon-14 in the archeological record about 1350.
Sunspot activity didn’t experience an upswing until about 1720, and hadn’t
reached the earlier high until about 1880. Carbon-14 rose above average
levels again in about 1850. The recovery curve for sunspot activity is still a
positive one and has only passed the earlier high (of about 1290) at about
1975 when then the curve exceeded the earlier high. The last MM wasn’t
the first, it was simply the most recent. The last three have been from low
to low running about seven centuries. The last low was about 1400 with a
small increase and another dip about 1630.
Once a low point is reached the
climate is deep into a very cold climactic period.
Here is some information on Carbon14 from an article appearing in Astronomy
Magazine October 1987) “The telling factor is carbon 14, a radioactive
isotope of normal carbon that is produced in the upper atmosphere when
cosmic rays strike nitrogen atoms. But normal carbon and carbon-14 atoms
descend to the surface, where they are absorbed by trees, however, the
amount of carbon 14 absorbed by trees; each year is regulated by solar
activity. During periods of high solar activity the extended solar magnetic
field blocks incoming cosmic rays, which causes less carbon 14 to be
produced. Thus, high levels of carbon 14 in a tree ring of a particular period
indicate the Sun was quiescent for that period.”
Finally some background on an earlier February 1981 article in Astronomy
Magazine. The subject was titled “The Case of the Missing Sunspots” (by
Mary Martin DeLancy), and the premise was that scientists had up to that
time (1981) believed the sun to be stable, and unchanging. However,
information, some recorded in tree rings, some in ice cores in Antarctica, and
some in astronomical observations recorded by reliable sources give us some
insight into that premise, showing it to be incorrect.
An astronomer named Walter Maunder discovered, through his research that
there had been long periods of reduced sunspot activity in the past. After
completing his work he presented it in a paper titled “A Prolonged Sunspot
Minimum” in 1894. In it he argued unsuccessfully that the sun behaved
strangely between the 17th and 18th centuries.
Thirty years later he tried again with more evidence, but still unsuccessfully.
Then his work lay unread and neglected, left to others to build on and to
develop a whole new theory of the sun’s variable nature. Fifty more years
pass until an astronomer named John Eddy again became interested in the
subject, and with a better understanding of solar physics, and more recently
compiled records of astronomical observations, he tackled Maunder’s
evidence.
Eddy had originally set out to disprove any variability in the nature of the
sun’s activity, but he began to question his original goal when the evidence
from Maunder and other astronomers came more to light. He began to refer
to the period as the “Maunder Minimum”.
Eddy and two of his associates at HAO (High Altitude Observer) - Peter
Gilman and Dorothy Trotter, used this information to determine the solar
rotation speed at different points in time. The resulting figures indicate an
increased rate of rotation near the Sun’s equator just before the onset of the
Maunder Minimum. How did this change relate to the disappearance of
sunspots? That question and many others were just beginning to be
investigated.
Peter Gilman recently gave his own perspective on Eddy’s research. “The
Maunder Minimum had a big impact.” He said. “It was the primary reason
for [my] going into solar variability. There must be 25-50 scientists who are
doing something different now as a result of
their work, more if
you count the
Tree Ring People.” Again, that was just before 1981,
preceding the climate change controversy by almost 20 years. The quoted
Astronomy magazine article was not one with a
political bent, but
instead one on the astronomical study of our nearest star which,
climatologically, has some direct bearing on conditions on earth.
Now to counter the
abbreviated chart quoted above (ommitted here) here
is a full chart showing about Seventy Five Centuries of solar activity and
temperatures
"75 CENTURY CHART"
(sorry the chart is too large to show here without distending the other
text - once there click to magnify)
and the corresponding
"LEGEND" with which to interpret it.
The full chart shows these minima and maxima in a long graphic view over a
period of time into the past, and shows a regularity of cycles we aren’t
often given a view of. What is clear is that the current warm period is not
the first, nor is it the most extreme. Also it suggests something about the
future. The patterns are revealing to say the least."