Yeah. Preserving people's liberties and freedom from unwanted intrusion sure sounds like a conservative value to me.
The doctor / patient relationship is not an intrusion by any means. People are not required to communicate themselves in a certain way, they share what they choose to share in that private relationship. The insurance companies are the ones who stand to intrude which is what prompted the legislation.
No. The legislation is specifically aimed at doctors inquiring about firearms in the patient's house. Which is none of his business unless the patient chooses to disclose it.
What about "personal responsibility" to just tell your doctor to fuck off if he asks you? Why does there need to be a law against it?