As I recall Bush actually pardoned himself from Iran contra, his pardon for ALL those involved was so broad.
the Bush pardon also brings into question how do you pardon someone not yet convicted? does a pardon mean they are guilty of what they are being pardoned for?
No, a pardon legally declares them not guilty, and restores all citizenship rights, including the right to bear arms, vote, and even serve in the military.
Not guilty of what? Most all of them had not even been charged with a crime, or even investigated.
1. exempt guilty party from punishment: to officially release from any, or any further, punishment somebody who has committed a crime or wrongdoing
2. forgive guilty party: to forgive somebody who has committed a crime or wrongdoing
3. excuse somebody for something impolite: to excuse an impolite act or a person committing one
define pardon - Bing DICTIONARY
The action of an executive official of the government that mitigates or sets aside the punishment for a crime.
The granting of a pardon to a person who has committed a crime or who has been convicted of a crime is an act of clemency, which forgives the wrongdoer and restores the person's Civil Rights. At the federal level, the president has the power to grant a pardon, and at the state level the governor or a pardon board made up of high-ranking state officials may grant it.
The power to grant a pardon derives from the English system in which the king had, as one of his royal prerogatives, the right to forgive virtually all forms of crimes against the crown. The Framers of the U.S. Constitution, in Article II, Section 2, Clause 1, provided that the president "shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment." Throughout U.S. history the courts have interpreted this clause to give the president virtually unlimited power to issue pardons to individuals or groups and to impose conditions on the forgiveness.
http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Presidential+pardon