Unrelated to the remarks below....The Clintons allowed the U.S. government the use of slightly over $1M of their money in 2015. In other words, they permitted fully 10% of their 2015 income to reside in the government's hands and they collected no interest or other economic value from having done so. Just to offer one illustration of contrast, though I don't earn the kind of money the Clintons do, I am blessed enough to fall into what one might call the "lower ranks" of the 1%. I never get a refund; I don't even aim to get one because I want full use of my money all year long. Instead I typically have to pay ~$500 to $2000K each April 15th.
Say what you want about the Clinton's getting a $1M+ tax refund, but one thing that happenstance says on its own is that extreme tax minimization is not the foremost concern the Clintons have as goes their own money. One million dollars is a material sum to not have use of during the course of a year, even for folks who earn $10M in that year. Frankly, I think the Clintons need a better tax accountant/advisor, but what do I know...I haven't looked at their prior years' returns, maybe 2015 was an anomalous year?
The other observation I've taken from the Clinton's tax return is that aside from their earning more than most folks, they pay taxes commensurate with the amount of income they earn. That is, their tax liability is comparable, from a fairness perspective, to that of most Americans. There's no reason to get bent out of shape over what they pay in taxes and even being able to do so, they don't go out of their way to exploit every so-called loophole they could. They go about their lives, earn what they earn, pay their taxes and that's that.
You are mistaken.
The Clintons made no contributions to the Clinton Foundation. Their charitable contributions consisted in 2015 of:
- $42K to Desert Classic Charities
- $1M to the Clinton Family Foundation
While you may not think so,
the Clinton Foundation and the Clinton Family Foundation are distinct entities. Although not related to your remarks and FWIW, the Clinton Foundation, despite it's "trade name," is not a private foundation — which typically acts as a pass-through for private donations to other charitable organizations. Rather, it is a public charity. It conducts most of its charitable activities directly.
Additionally, you are also mistaken about the deductibility percentage of their charitable contributions. The Clintons deducted 100% of their charitable contributions because their contributions were below the 50% and 30% deductibility ceilings.
How about merely assigning a a series of graduated rates and merely multiplying the applicable rate to whatever a business reports in its audited financial statements as net income? No deductions; no differences between "book" and "tax" income; no loopholes.
If one wants that rate to be lower than the current stated marginal rate, fine. I'm not wedded to any specific rate; however, seeing as corporations want "personhood" and they have it in many regards, I think they should pay at a rate comparable to what most actual wealthy persons pay. Twenty-five percent to 30% seems reasonable to me, although again, I could live with 20%. What's thoroughly unacceptable to me is that organizations like GE or Verizon,
et al have effective tax rates well below 20% as a result of "loopholes."
Red:
Businesses are going to do that anyway if and when it becomes materially more profitable to do so and doing so will improve their competitive position in the marketplace.
As for the tariff idea you suggested, well, that does little but make yours and my goods cost more. Additionally, tariffs reduce business profitability due to the way the incidence of taxes (tariffs in this case) work. If a tariff is high enough that it compromises profitability, the business simply will exist the market (geographic) and enter or focus on others.

As you can see from the graphs above, whether the incidence of a tax/tariff falls more heavily on a producer or consumer depends on
the slope of the demand curve a given producer experiences for his/her goods or services. That's in a microeconomic sense. Macroeconomically, the principle is the same, but what changes is that it's demand for a whole region or nation's goods/services.