Human advance is slow, and uneven, and basically three steps forward and then two steps backward.
And in comminist countries, one step forward three steps back.
More like a step sideways. The main Communist countries, Russia and China, never had even the semblance of democracy, and the others had only, at best, an extremely imperfect simalcrum of it.
There is no doubt that authoritarian governments (totalitarian and not-so-totalitarian), can, if their ruling elites want to, make serious improvements in the lives of their peoples. Teach everyone to read and write and add up. Build elementary sanitation. Pave the roads. Vaccinate everyone. Give access to at least rudimentary health care to everyone. The arguments made by a Stalinist apologist in another post here are not entirely false, by a long chalk. The same was true in China and Cuba.
But as the wise Chinese realized pretty quickly, a Centrally Planned Economy is massively inefficient, especially as the number of things produced grows. For first steps, digging coal mines, making roads, educating the children of peasants to become workers, it's not so terrible.
But once you get a population that wants consumer goods, forget it. (Every commodity in the Soviet Union had a 'Gos-number', 'Gos' being the first syllable of the Russian word for 'government'. The last one was in the 12 000 000 range.)
A good fiction description of the impossibility of mimicking market efficiency can be found in the wonderful and very readable book by Francis Spufford,
Red Plenty. From my brief few months of living in the Soviet Union in 1985, he captures the psychology exactly. Here's a review from the leftwing British
Guardian newspaper:
[
Red Plenty by Francis Spufford | Book review ] )
Leftwingers who weren't either totally cynical, or terminally naive, used to acknowledge that there was no liberty or democracy in these countries, but justified this by saying this was necessary: you had to wring surplus value (as the Marxists might call it) out of the population in order to have forced-march industrialization. Democracy might come later.
And indeed Stalin, in about 1930, said, We are 100 years behind Europe. We must catch up in ten years, or go under. And so he proceeded to wring a surplus out of the peasantry by collectivizing them, to invest in heavy industry.
And about ten years later, Russia was put to the test when Hitler invaded. And they were able to meet the test, albeit with American help, but they made their own T34s and artillery and airplanes, and that, combined with a blood sacrifice that we cannot even imagine -- for every American who died in that war, 100 Russians died -- , was enough.
We were lucky. We had an industrious immigrant population, a rich continent easily taken from the original owners, two great oceans to protect us and weak or friendly neighbors on our southern and northern borders. Plus a large amount of slave labor.
The anti-feudal revolution had been fought already by our English ancestors ... and if you study the English Revolution which put the monarchy in its place, you'll find that Cromwell was no sweet liberal democrat. Democracy did not come into the world via democratic means. We inherited it. Lucky us.
Other countries have a different history and different geography. Their path towards liberal democracy has not been so easy. It's too facile to just attribute their condition to the motiveless malignancy of Hollywood-style 'Dr Evils'.
American patriots, above all others, should be able to understand how Russian and Chinese patriots feel about their countries, and their history. Just as our history is not all slavery and Wounded Knee massacres, so theirs is not just slave labor camps and firing squads.
There are things in their history that they are rightly proud of:
The Russians, under the Communists, threw out the Nazis, when the mighty capitalist democracies of Europe had collapsed before them. (Hitler always regarded the war in the East as the real war, which never saw less than 75% of the Wehrmacht engaged there, and sometimes 90%.)
The Chinese, led by the Communists, defeated the Japanese, who were merciless slaughterers, as in Nanking [
Nanjing Massacre - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ]. Yes, the Nationalists also get some of the credit for that, but don't think that they were kindly democrats, or that the Communists did not have a lot of mass support.
Socialism doesn't work (very well), and both countries have abandoned it, peacefully, each in their own way. Both have got some ways to go, a long way, before they reach the Euro/American standard of political liberty. But they'll have to get thereby the actions of their own peoples, just as will Iran, Iraq, Afghanistan.
There are things we can do to help, but direct interference is not the way. Anyway, as we learned in 2016, for one country to interfere in the elections of another country is very wicked indeed.
In the meantime, we need to heed the words of Robespierre, of all people, who observed that people do not love missionaries with bayonets.