Well the history seems to say you are wrong. As an example. The Native American issue. The interpretation of the time had it that the Indian Treaties made the Reservations essentially independent nations. It would be as if Texas was a Republic. And the people born there were Citizens of Texas, but since Texas was not a part of the United States, the people were not Citizens.
That is why the Laws were addressed in 1924,
Indian Citizenship Act - Wikipedia
Prior to that, Indians born on the Reservations were citizens of the Indian Nations, and not Americans. However, if the Indians were born off of the Reservation, called Straggling Indians, were in fact American Citizens.
https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/on-this-day-in-1924-all-indians-made-united-states-citizens#:~:text=The%20act%20read%20that%20“all,to%20tribal%20or%20other%20property.”
So we see that your description is…. Wrong? Is that the right word? It seems to be the right word.
Now, I’m using the writings, laws, and decisions of the Court of the era. You are using your own definition, your own spin on History. One of us is busy revising history, and the other is using the actual writings of the era to describe the truth.
That’s why I asked about your Civics instruction. You see, your instructors couldn’t have been well versed if they were unaware of this. And if they had been and allowed you to stroll off thinking you understood the nuances, they were negligent in their duties of teaching you.