THE AUTHORS OF RESOLUTION 242
"The former British Ambassador to the UN,
Lord Caradon [the
chief-author of 242], tabled a polished draft resolution in the Security Council and steadfastly resisted all suggestions for change...
Kuznetsov of the USSR asked Caradon to specify 'all' before the word ' territories' and to drop the word 'recognized.'
When Caradon refused, the USSR tabled its own draft resolution [calling for a withdrawal to the 1967 Lines] but it was NOT a viable alternative to the UK text...
Members [of the UN Security Council] voted and adopted the [UK drafted] resolution unanimously..." (UNSCesolution 242, The Washington Institute For Near East Policy, 1993, pp 27-28.
Arthur Goldberg, former US Ambassador to the UN, a key author of 242:
"...The notable omissions in regard to withdrawal... are the words 'all', 'the' and 'the June 5, 1967 lines'...
There is Lacking a declaration requiring Israel to withdraw from all of the territories occupied by it on, and after, June 5, 1967...
On certain aspects, the Resolution is less ambiguous than its withdrawal language.
Resolution 242 specifically calls for termination of all claims or states of belligerency and respect for and acknowledgment of the sovereignty of every State in the area.
The Resolution also specifically endorses free passage through international waterways...
The efforts of the Arab States, strongly supported by the USSR,
for a condemnation of Israel as the aggressor and for its withdrawal to the June 5, 1967 lines, Failed to command the requisite support..."
(Columbia Journal of International Law, Vol 12 no 2, 1973).
Prof. Eugene Rostow, former Undersecretary of State, a key author of 242, international law authority, Yale University:
"UN SC 242 calls on Israel to withdraw only from territories occupied in the course of the Six Day War -
that is, not from 'all' the territories or even from 'the' territories...
Ingeniously drafted resolutions calling for withdrawal from 'all' the territory were Defeated in the Security Council and the General Assembly one after another.
Speaker after speaker made it explicit that Israel was NOT to be forced back to the 'fragile and vulnerable' 1949/1967] Armistice Demarcation Lines..."
(UNSC Resolution 242, 1993, p. 17).
The USSR and the Arabs supported a draft demanding a withdrawal to the 1967 Lines. The US, Canada and most of West Europe and Latin America supported the draft,
which was eventually approved by the UN Security Council. (American Society of International Law, 1970).
UNSC RESOLUTION AND ISRAEL'S DEFENSIBLE BORDERS:
A few days before the UNSC vote on 242, President Johnson summoned UN Ambassador Arthur Goldberg and Undersecretary Eugene Rostow to formulate the US position on the issue of 'secure boundaries' for Israel.
They were presented with the Pentagon Map, which had been prepared by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Earle Wheeler.
The map displayed the "minimum territory needed by Israel for defensive purposes," which included the entire Golan Heights and the mountain ridges of Judea and Samaria.
The participants of the meeting agreed that the Pentagon Map fulfilled the requirements of 242 for 'secure borders.'
(Prof. Ezra Zohar, A Concubine in the Middle East, Geffen Publishing, p. 39; Makor Rishon weekly, March 10, 2000).
THE GOLAN HEIGHTS AND THE FACTS - UN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 242 - A WITHDRAWAL TO THE 1949/1967 LINES?
WHAT IS THE STANCE OF SYRIA AND OTHER ARAB STATES ON 242?
Syria Rejected UNSC Resolution 242 because it did not require Israel to withdraw to the 1949/1967 cease fire Lines.
Syria was joined by the other Arab States, claiming that the 1949/1967 Lines were not final borders.
(
abu note ... later/1973 accepting the incorrect 'French Translation'/Mistranslation that because of a quirk of language included the article 'the' that was specifically rejected in the Original negotiations and Final Draft
The Palestinians Also REJECTED Resolution 242 until 1988 and then tried the same revisionist trick as the Syrians.. as all the Arabs and most others now Try.)
THE ESSENCE OF UNSC RESOLUTION 242:
***242 does not refer at all the 1949/1967 Lines;
***242 mandates negotiation - give and take, rather than give and give;
***242 never refers to withdrawal from ALL the territories, which would negate the principle of negotiation;
***242 calls for the introduction of a NEW reality of 'secure and recognized borders', which indicates that the OLD reality of the 1949/1967 Lines is neither secure nor recognized.
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