After completing his doctorate in 1921, Goebbels worked as a journalist and tried for several years to become a published author. He wrote a semi-autobiographical novel,
Michael, two-
verse plays, and quantities of romantic poetry. In these works, he revealed the psychological damage his physical limitations had caused. "The very name of the hero, Michael, to whom he gave many autobiographical features, suggests the way his self-identification was pointing: a figure of light, radiant, tall, unconquerable," and above all "'To be a soldier! To stand sentinel! One ought always to be a soldier,' wrote Michael-Goebbels."
[8] Goebbels found another form of compensation in the pursuit of women, a lifelong compulsion he indulged "with extraordinary vigor and a surprising degree of success."
[9] His diaries reveal a long succession of affairs, before and after his marriage before a Protestant pastor in 1931 to
Magda Quandt, with whom he had
six children.
[10]
Goebbels was embittered by the frustration of his literary career; his novel did not find a publisher until 1929 and his plays were never staged. He found an outlet for his desire to write in
his diaries, which he began in 1923 and continued for the rest of his life.
[11] He later worked as a bank clerk and a caller on the stock exchange.
[12] During this period, he read avidly and formed his political views. Major influences were
Friedrich Nietzsche,
Oswald Spengler and, most importantly,
Houston Stewart Chamberlain, the British-born German writer who was one of the founders of "scientific"
anti-Semitism, and whose book
The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century (1899) was one of the standard works of the
extreme right in Germany. Goebbels spent the winter of 1919–20 in
Munich, where he witnessed and admired the violent
nationalist reaction against the attempted communist revolution in
Bavaria. His first political hero was
Anton Graf von Arco auf Valley, the man who assassinated the Bavarian prime minister
Kurt Eisner.
[9] Hitler was in Munich at the same time and entered politics as a result of similar experiences.
The culture of the German extreme right was violent and
anti-intellectual, which posed a challenge to the physically frail University graduate.
Joachim Fest writes:
This was the source of his hatred of the intellect, which was a form of self-hatred, his longing to degrade himself, to submerge himself in the ranks of the masses, which ran curiously parallel with his ambition and his tormenting need to distinguish himself. He was incessantly tortured by the fear of being regarded as a ‘
bourgeois intellectualÂ’Â… It always seemed as if he were offering blind devotion (to Nazism) to make up for his lack of all those characteristics of the racial elite which nature had denied him.
[13]