10. A universe out of nothing?
A Creator?
Space aliens?
No matter what variety of faith one chooses, it is interesting to try to verify using mathematics and probability.
Of course we can use mathematics on both sides of the question of the probablility of all sorts of things.....
" For example, consider the calculation by astronomer Fred Hoyle, often referred to by creationists, that the odds against DNA assembling by chance are 1040,000to one (Hoyle, 1981). This is true, but highly misleading. DNA did not assemble purely by chance. It assembled by a combination of chance and the laws of physics.
Without the laws of physics as we know them, life on earth as we know it would not have evolved in the short span of six billion years. The nuclear force was needed to bind protons and neutrons in the nuclei of atoms; electromagnetism was needed to keep atoms and molecules together; and gravity was needed to keep the resulting ingredients for life stuck to the surface of the earth.
In a calculation similar to Hoyle's, mathematician Roger Penrose has estimated that the probability of a universe with our particular set of physical properties is one part in 1010123(Penrose 1989: 343). However, neither Penrose nor anyone else can say how many of the other possible universes formed with different properties could still have lead to
someform of life. If it is half, then the probability for life is fifty percent."
Intelligent Design Humans Cockroaches and the Laws of Physics
The upshot?
For me, random formation of the universe, and of life, possible but highly unlikely.
The take-away? Not physics, or mathematics, nor cosmology, biology, nor evolution.....none definitively provide the basis that would suggest sneering at theology.
All involve one kind of faith or another.
But here is one idea with a probability close to 100%: The less one understands science, to more vitriolic atheistic.