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Nothing in what you've posted contradicts what the ISA can do. We have not signed the UNCLOS. That is not what the UNCLOS says. That is what we currently do, but signing and ratifying the UNCLOS would change that.Um, national jurisdiction extends only 12 miles (with a few exceptions in goegraphically more complex areas). A nation's EEZ extends 200 miles or to the continental shelf, whichever is longer but not exceeding 350 miles.
If the USA signs this, all mining (and oil extraction) will have to be approved by the ISA, and if the ISA approves it, they also decide how the royalties and proceeds from that get distributed.
That's per Article XI of the UNCLOS, which is and has been one of the bones of contention keeping the USA from signing it.
Your link disputes what you post. I posted a link to the entire treaty. Read it if you dare.
Each coastal State may claim an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) beyond and adjacent to its territorial sea that extends seaward up to 200 nm from its baselines (or out to a maritime boundary with another coastal State). Within its EEZ, a coastal State has: (a) sovereign rights for the purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing natural resources, whether living or nonliving, of the seabed and subsoil and the superjacent waters and with regard to other activities for the economic exploitation and exploration of the zone, such as the production of energy from the water, currents and winds; (b) jurisdiction as provided for in international law with regard to the establishment and use of artificial islands, installations, and structures, marine scientific research, and the protection and preservation of the marine environment, and (c) other rights and duties provided for under international law.
The U.S. claimed a 200 nm EEZ in 1983 (Presidential Proclamation No. 5030 of March 10, 1983). The U.S. EEZ overlaps its 12 nm - 24 nm contiguous zone.
Maritime Zones and Boundaries, International Section, NOAA Office of General Counsel
It seems we are talking past each other and I don't know why.
It is my understanding that if the treaty is ratified we will not be giving up our exclusive rights in our EEZ. Only in waters and sea beds outside that zone.