Read the Emancipation Proclamation yourself.
It did not end slavery.
It only ended slavery in states that were in open rebellion.
{...
That on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any
State or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the
Executive Government of the United States, including the
military and
naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.
...}
The Emancipation Proclamation maintained about half a million slaves in states that had not been in rebellion.
{...
The proclamation was directed to all of the areas in rebellion and all segments of the executive branch (including the Army and Navy) of the United States.
[6] It proclaimed the freedom of enslaved people in the ten states in rebellion.
[7] Even though it excluded areas not in rebellion, it still applied to more than 3.5 million of the 4 million enslaved people in the country. Around 25,000 to 75,000 were immediately emancipated in those regions of the Confederacy where the US Army was already in place. It could not be enforced in the areas still in rebellion, but, as the Union army took control of Confederate regions, the Proclamation provided the legal framework for the liberation of more than three and a half million enslaved people in those regions. The Emancipation Proclamation outraged
white Southerners and their sympathizers, who saw it as the beginning of a
race war. It energized
abolitionists, and undermined those Europeans who wanted to intervene to help the Confederacy.
[8] The Proclamation lifted the spirits of
African Americans both free and enslaved; it led many to escape from their masters and get to Union lines to obtain their freedom and to join the
Union Army.
[9] The Emancipation Proclamation became a historic document because it "would redefine the Civil War, turning it from a struggle to preserve the Union to one focused on ending slavery, and set a decisive course for how the nation would be reshaped after that historic conflict."
[10]
The Emancipation Proclamation was never challenged in court. To ensure the abolition of slavery in all of the U.S., Lincoln also insisted that
Reconstruction plans for Southern states require them to enact laws abolishing slavery (which occurred during the war in
Tennessee,
Arkansas, and
Louisiana); Lincoln encouraged border states to adopt abolition (which occurred during the war in
Maryland,
Missouri, and
West Virginia) and pushed for passage of the
Thirteenth Amendment. The Senate passed the 13th Amendment by the necessary two-thirds vote on April 8, 1864; the House of Representatives did so on January 31, 1865; and the required three-fourths of the states ratified it on December 6, 1865. The amendment made
slavery and
involuntary servitude unconstitutional, "except as a punishment for crime."
[11]
...}
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