Jewish History

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• Nachmanides Born (1194)
Birth of Nachmanides ("Ramban", Rabbi Moshe ben Nachman, 1194-1270) -- Torah scholar, Kabbalist, philosopher, physician and Jewish leader -- in Gerona, Spain, in the year 4954 from creation.

• Sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe visits US (1929)
On the 12th of Elul (September 16) of 1929, two years after escaping a death sentence imposed upon him by the Russian Communist regime and his subsequent departure from that country, the sixth Lubavitcher Rebbe, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn, arrived in New York for a ten-month tour of the United States. In the course of his stay the Rebbe visited the Jewish communities in New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Chicago, Detroit, Milwaukee, S. Louis, Boston and several other communities, and was received by President Hoover at the White House. The purpose of the Rebbe's visit was twofold: a) to bring the plight of Russian Jewry to the attention of the American Jewish community and raise funds for the Rebbe's efforts on its behalf; b) to improve the state of Yiddishkeit (Torah-true Judaism) in America and strengthen the ties of the American Chabad-Chassidic community with the Rebbe. The Rebbe also wished to explore the possibility of settling in the U.S. and establishing the headquarters of Chabad there; though he did not decide to do so at that time, his 1929 visit laid the foundations for his move to New York in 1940 and the revolutionary changes he wrought in American Jewish life.

• Passing of R. Simcha Bunim of Peshis'cha (1827)
R. Simcha Bunim of Peshis’cha(1765–1827) was a disciple of R. Yaakov Yitzchak Horowitz, the “Seer of Lublin” (see entry for 9 Menachem Av), and of R. Yaakov Yitzchak, the “Holy Jew" of Peshis’cha, whom he succeeded as rebbe. His major disciples included R. Menachem Mendel of Kotzk and the first Rebbe of Ger, R. Yitzchak Meir Alter.

 

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• R. Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn's marriage (1897)
Marriage of the 6th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, Rabbi Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn(1880-1950), to Rebbetzin Nechamah Dinah (1882-1971).

• Passing of Ben Ish Chai (1909)
Elul 13 is the yahrtzeit of Rabbi Yosef Chaim of Baghdad (1835-1909), the renowned Sephardic Halachic authority and Kabbalist, known as "Ben Ish Chai" after his work by that name.

 

[Sixties Fan]

They were forced to sell their beloved synagogue. 7 decades later, they finally have a chance to buy it back

By Sarah Nachimson

The Las Vegas, New Mexico, Jewish community is determined to buy back its synagogue.
It’s an opportunity few saw coming. The Santa Fe Archdiocese has owned the Montefiore Synagogue for some seven decades, and consistently refused to sell it back to the local Jewish community, despite repeated pleas.
But a $121.5 million settlement related to a Chapter 11 lawsuit about sexual abuse in the New Mexico church has pushed the archdiocese into bankruptcy — and forced a sale of the historic building, which Jewish leaders in the city of 13,055 have long aspired to make a new center of Las Vegas Jewish life.

Sure, the community has to drum up the funds to purchase the building. But “it will be bought by us,” said Zelda McCrossen, treasurer for the Las Vegas Jewish Community. “That’s a given.”
A GoFundMe page to help the community purchase the Montefiore Synagogue — which, per the archdiocese’s bankruptcy agreement, the archdiocese must sell within 30 days of signing — had raised more than $78,000 as of Wednesday afternoon. According to court documents, the Las Vegas Jewish Community and Archdiocese of Santa Fe entered a deal for the community to buy the synagogue and an adjacent house for an undisclosed amount on Aug. 23.

Since the Las Vegas Jewish Community does not have sufficient funds to meet that price on hand, they are crowdfunding to cover the costs.

A history, and a rebirth

The Montefiore Synagogue dates to 1886, a time when a large Jewish community had settled in Las Vegas and nearby Santa Fe. A train station was was added to Las Vegas in 1899, making it more accessible.

However, by the 1950s, the Jewish community had dwindled, and could no longer afford to maintain the synagogue. The archdiocese purchased the property, and transformed it into a private facility for students at the nearby public Highlands University for students to learn about Catholicism.

The Jewish community of Las Vegas, which has been growing in the past decade, has, McCrossen said, made multiple offers to buy back the building in the past few years.
Tom Macken, a representative of the Santa Fe Archdiocese, said the church would be “delighted” if the synagogue returned to the Jewish community as planned.

The Las Vegas Jewish community today, McCrossen said, is a “mixed community” without any official denomination. “We do have a lot of converso and crypto Jews in northern New Mexico,” she said. But, she said, “we’re from all over.”

In recent years, the community has hosted major events at the city’s Episcopal Church, including Passover seders and Hanukkah celebrations. It also held Hebrew classes over Zoom during the pandemic.

The community does not have an in-person rabbi, but visiting rabbis from Albuquerque regularly help with events.

The community plans to hold High Holiday services this year in the synagogue after reclaiming it, and to use it as a community space. At least for the moment, weekly services don’t appear to be in the community’s future, but there are plans in the works for the synagogue to host a museum and community events, and to serve as a center for Jewish education.

“The only way we’re going to fight antisemitism is through education,” McCrossen said, ”and that’s part of our goal in wanting to have this building back.”

 

[Sixties Fan]

Moroccans now living in the mellahs – historic urban neighborhoods in Moroccan cities that were once thriving Jewish quarters – do not know anything about the people who lived there before them. These neighborhoods later became small, mostly poor ghettos, with little to no connection to Jews today.

But a new program might change this. “Rebuilding Our Homes” is a multi-year US Agency for International Development-supported New Partnership Initiative of the American Sephardi Federation and Mimouna Association. It aims to revive the prosperous Jewish life in the historic urban areas in Fez, Essaouira and Rabat, by teaching their current residents about local history, and helping to make them part of the rich heritage of the place.


“We make the residents of these neighborhoods take part in preserving the place by letting them document and upload photos of old Jewish houses to our archive, and teaching them Hebrew,” Jason Guberman, executive director of the American Sephardi Federation, told The Media Line.


Guberman is one of the founders of the three-year project, which still has another 18 months to go.


“We wanted to establish a connection between youth and grownups in these neighborhoods and their own history – as well as to the rich Jewish heritage surrounding them,” he explained.

Judaica created by local Muslims on display at the Rebuilding Our Homes exhibit opening at the Mohammed V Foundation in Fez. (credit: COURTESY/REBUILDING OUR HOMES)


(full article online)

Moroccan Muslims are reviving Jewish heritage in Jewish neighborhoods

A new project teaches Muslims living in the old Jewish quarters of Moroccan cities about their former residents, and gives them the tools to develop their neighborhoods.

www.jpost.com

 

[Sixties Fan]

 

[Sixties Fan]

For more than 2,500 years, Baghdad was home to one of the most vibrant and historically significant Jewish communities in the world. This ancient Jewish community is now extinct – ethnically cleansed, persecuted and expelled from the country in the 20th century, when they were stripped of their citizenship, property and possessions.


The Jewish cultural treasures of this community – which have been preserved in the Iraqi Jewish Archive, an invaluable collection of tens of thousands of books, artifacts and documents that have not been fully or properly inventoried or digitized – are now at grave risk at the hands of an Iraqi government that has criminalized relations with Jewish people.


The US government acquired the Iraqi Jewish Archive days after coalition forces took over Baghdad in May 2003. American soldiers entered the flooded building of Saddam Hussein’s intelligence agency, the Mukhabarat. In the basement, under four feet of water, they found tens of thousands of confiscated Jewish books, artifacts and documents – materials that had been seized from synagogues, schools and other Jewish institutions.

On August 20, 2003, the US Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA), which was dissolved in 2004, signed an agreement with the US National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) that the items would be restored by NARA, but it left open their ultimate future. No Iraqis or Iraqi Jews were consulted when agreements determining the future of the archive were made. This collection has not even been fully examined by a rabbinical scholar and could contain highly important Jewish manuscripts like the Aleppo Codex.


For years, our organization, JIMENA: Jews Indigenous to the Middle East and North Africa, and many other organizations representing the interests of the Jewish people, have petitioned the US government to not return the archive to Iraq as it is ultimately the patrimony of Iraqi Jews and not the government of Iraq, which eradicated its Jewish population. Iraq has no Jews and no official interest in rebuilding relationships with its exiled Jewish community. To the contrary, the Iraqi government’s antisemitic hostilities toward the Jewish people has intensified greatly in recent months.

(full article online)

Iraqi Jewish archives need to be returned to Iraqi Jews - opinion

The Iraqi Jewish Archive is now at grave risk at the hands of an Iraqi government that has criminalized relations with Jewish people.

www.jpost.com

 

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• Passing of Maharal (1609)
Elul 18 is the yahrtzeit of Rabbi Yehudah Loewe, the "Maharal" of Prague (1525-1609), outstanding Torah scholar, philosopher, Kabbalist and Jewish leader. Popularly known for creating a "golem" (clay man) to protect the Jewish community of Prague from the frequent threat of blood libels.

• Baal Shem Tov Born (1698)
Elul 18 is the birthday of Rabbi Israel Baal Shem Tov, the founder of Chassidism

Rabbi Israel was born in a small town in Ukraine in 1698. His father, Rabbi Eliezer, who was a member of the secret society of "hidden tzaddikim," passed away when young Israel was only five years old; his last words to his son were, "Fear nothing but G-d alone. Love every Jew with all your heart and all your soul."

The young orphan would spend much of his time wandering and meditating in the forests that surrounded his hometown; there, he one day met with one of his father's compatriots, and eventually joined their society. For many years, he lived disguised as a simple innkeeper and clay-digger, his greatness known only to a very small circle of fellow mystics and disciples. But on his 36th birthday, he was instructed by his master to "reveal" himself and publicly disseminate his teachings.

Drawing from the mystical "soul of Torah," the Baal Shem Tov ("Master of the Good Name," as he came to be known) taught about the spark of G-dliness that is to be found in every creation, and about the great love that G-d has for each and every one of His children, scholars and simple folk alike. He emphasized the importance of joyand simple faith in serving G-d, rather than asceticism. Initially, his teachings encountered fierce opposition from the scholarly elite and established leadership of the Jewish community; but many of those very scholars and communal leaders ended up becoming his devoted disciples. When Rabbi Israel passed at age 62 on Shavuotof 1760, the movement he founded was well on the way of becoming the most vital force in Jewish life.

 

[Sixties Fan]

This story was in a couple of British newspapers in October 1844, including The Standard of London. It starts off sounding like it will be a classic blood libel, but luckily things worked out for the best.

1844: Jews of Cairo avoid a blood libel

Blogging about Israel and the Arab world since, oh, forever.

elderofziyon.blogspot.com

 

[Indeependent]

That does not make one Jewish, and he was not Jewish.

Even under the radical Nuremberg Laws, he was not "Jewish". Under even those radical laws, one had to be ½ or more Jewish to be considered a "Jew". Even one who was a "Mischling Second Degree" (one Jewish Grandparent) could maintain their German citizenship. And you talk about a great-great-grandmother? Neither the Nazis or most radical Klukkers follow that kind of "purity" requirement.

Elvis’s grandmother was Jewish, this his mother was.

 

[Sixties Fan]

The Jewish city and history of Beitar is remembered by observant Jews each time they break bread, for the fourth blessing of the Grace after Meals commemorates the massacre and the miracle that happened there in that place. The massacre occurred in 135 CE. Hundreds of thousands (some say millions) of Jews were slaughtered by the Romans, and the Jews were not allowed to collect the bodies for burial for many years. Today, there is a thriving Jewish city there of some 59,000 residents, Beitar Illit. But there is also an Arab village with fewer than 5,000 villagers, called Battir. In 2014, Battir was named a protected UNESCO World Heritage Site, and inscribed on the UNESCO website as “Palestine: Land of Olives and Vines — Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir.”
Battir lies directly northeast of “Khirbet el-Yahud,” Arabic for “Ruin of the Jews,” the archaeological site of the ruins of the ancient Jewish city of Beitar. The Arabs named it “Ruin of the Jews” because they know exactly what happened there, and that the city was Jewish. They know it was called “Beitar” and adopted it, corrupting the name to the more Arabic-sounding “Battir.” You can be sure that UNESCO knows these things, too. Which is why they were so desperate to rename the village, “Palestine: Land of Olives and Vines — Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir,” a name that erases the Jewish identity, character, and history of the place.

Ruined walls of the Beitar fortress, the last stand of Bar Kochba

UNESCO would very much like to disappear the Jewish history of this place that saw a massacre and a miracle, in the time of Roman Emperor Hadrian. Beitar, as it happens, was the base for the failed Bar Kochba rebellion against the Romans. After the Romans defeated Bar Kochba’s army, they avenged themselves by slaughtering the population of Jewish Beitar. The cruel nature of the Roman slaughter is gruesome and difficult to recount: babies’ heads dashed against rocks; horses drowning in rivers of Jewish blood.
Tragic, tragic.
But not enough for the Romans, who then refused the Jews the right to bury their dead.

Remains of Hurvat Itri, destroyed during the Bar Kochba revolt

Years went by. Rabban Gamliel, along with his court, fasted and prayed for days on end, and then Gamliel laid waste to his inheritance, hoping to buy permission from the Roman despots to bury the dead of Beitar. All this time, the bodies of the slain remained where the lives of the victims had been cut short, out in the open in the fields. Each time a Jew passed Beitar, he would be sick at heart, knowing that there in that spot lay the unburied. It was a constant wound.
At last the Romans granted permission for burial, and when the Jews went to retrieve the bodies for burial, they witnessed a miracle: the bodies were not in the least degraded. They were still fresh, still whole, though out there in the wilderness there was and still is, no shortage of predators.
The profound nature of this miracle that happened to the Jewish people, inspired the rabbinical court to institute the aforementioned blessing thanking God for His double measure of goodness in both preserving the remains and allowing the dead their final honor (Brachot 48b).
It's a blessing that's used on a variety of occasions, for example on hearing good news, drinking a second wine, or when it rains in Israel after a drought. The main application for the blessing, however, is during the Grace after Meals, since a meal is always a part of Jewish celebration—and what better time than a festive meal to acknowledge God’s goodness after Jewish tragedy?
But back to UNESCO, which surely knows that Beitar was populated by Jews from the Iron Age until the second century CE, and the Bar Kochba revolt. The UN body would know this and be well aware too, of the massacre of the Jews at Beitar, after the fact. These are established, well-documented facts.
“Palestine,” on the other hand, was never and still is not an Arab state or country—which UNESCO also knows. By inscribing the Judean city as “Palestine” on its website, UNESCO once more betrays its antisemitic goal of erasing the Land and State of Israel and its indigenous people, the Jews. We all know of the UN’s constant resolutions against the democratic Israel, as compared to the paucity of resolutions against all the other UN member states, combined. This is just more of the same—the same antisemitism, that is.
How did “Battir” come to be protected by UNESCO? It begins in 2007, with the inception of the building of Israel’s security fence. At that time, Battir sued the Israeli Defense Ministry in an effort to force Israel to change the planned route of the fence, which they claimed would cut through a 2,000-year-old irrigation system, which Wikipedia helpfully notes is “still in use.” UNESCO no doubt helped Battir take Israel to court, and in fact, in 2011, also according to Wikipedia, awarded Battir “a $15,000 prize for ‘Safeguarding and Management of Cultural Landscapes’ due to its care for its ancient terraces and irrigation system.”
In other words, $15,000 to help erase Jewish history.
This generous award naturally encouraged the Arabs to go further, and so, in May 2012, the Palestinian Authority sent a delegation off to UNESCO headquarters in Paris, to suggest they add Battir to its World Heritage list. At the time, the PA deputy minister of tourism, Hamadan Taha, announced that UNESCO wanted to “maintain [Battir] as a Palestinian and humanitarian heritage.”
But the thing is, since there was never an Arab state called “Palestine,” there is no such heritage. The place is specifically Jewish. To suggest otherwise is to express Jew-hatred through the denial of documented history—it's laughable. Hello: The Arabs call it “Battir” because it’s Beitar.

Roman inscription found near "Battir," which mentions the 5th and 11th Roman Legions.

Speaking of antisemitism and erasing Jewish history, let’s remember why that security fence, the pretext for the UNESCO inscription: “Palestine: Land of Olives and Vines — Cultural Landscape of Southern Jerusalem, Battir,” was built in the first place.
From the Jewish Virtual Library:

Before the construction of the fence, and in many places where it has not yet been completed, a terrorist need only walk across an invisible line to cross from the West Bank into Israel. No barriers existed, so it is easy to see how a barrier, no matter how imperfect, won’t at least make the terrorists’ job more difficult. Approximately 75% of the suicide bombers who attacked targets inside Israel came across the border in the area where the first phase of the fence was built.
From September 2000 until the end of 2006, more than 3,000 terrorist attacks originated in the West Bank, resulting in the deaths of 1,622 people inside the Green Line. By comparison, since 2007, when most of the fence was erected, until mid-2022, 141 attacks killed 100 people.
Even Palestinian terrorists admitted the fence is a deterrent. On November 11, 2006, Islamic Jihad leader Abdallah Ramadan Shalah said on Al-Manar TV the terrorist organizations had every intention of continuing suicide bombing attacks but that their timing and the possibility of implementing them from the West Bank depended on other factors. “For example,” he said, “there is the separation fence, which is an obstacle to the resistance, and if it were not there, the situation would be entirely different.”

The Jewish history of Beitar was, by the way, the inspiration behind Vladimir Jabotinsky’s youth organization of the same name, in part because Bar Kochba was a Jew who fought back against foreign domination. The Etzel and also the Likud Party have their roots in the Beitar Movement. Prime ministers Begin and Shamir were both members of Beitar in their youth, and later, both were in the Etzel.
The Beitar youth movement is named for the last stand of the Beitar warriors, and remains active today as a Zionist leadership group.

A cluster of papyrus containing Bar Kochba's orders during the last year of the revolt, found at the Cave of Letters in the Judean desert by Israeli archaeologist Yigael Yadin.

With all this Jewish history behind it, what should we think about the Arab village of Battir that is planted atop this site of Jewish massacre and miracle? How are we supposed to view UNESCO’s naked antisemitism in bribing the PA to assist them in wiping out Jewish culture of the place?
And why should we pretend that “Battir” is “Palestinian,” when it was and always will be Jewish Beitar?

Beitar’s Firm Jewish History and the Falsehood of Battir (Judean Rose)

The Arab village of Battir is the site of the ancient Jewish city Beitar. UNESCO wants to erase that ancient history.

elderofziyon.blogspot.com

 

[Mushroom]

Elvis’s grandmother was Jewish, this his mother was.

No, she was not. She was Pentacostal. There is no evidence that either his mother or grandmother ever attended Jewish religious services.

They were not practicing, and it was such a small amount of his background that even Hitler would have said he was a "Good Aryan".

 

[Indeependent]

No, she was not. She was Pentacostal. There is no evidence that either his mother or grandmother ever attended Jewish religious services.

They were not practicing, and it was such a small amount of his background that even Hitler would have said he was a "Good Aryan".

You have zero idea of what you are babbling about.
Hitler knew all about the definition of a Jew and traced them back 10 generations.
If you were Catholic but 10 generations ago a maternal Jew, you were stripped of your cross and had a Yellow Star put on your arm.

Elvis Presley’s Jewish Roots - aish.com

I was all shook up in Mississippi.

aish.com

Do I care of Elvis was a Jew? Not a tad.

 

[Mushroom]

You have zero idea of what you are babbling about.
Hitler knew all about the definition of a Jew and traced them back 10 generations.
If you were Catholic but 10 generations ago a maternal Jew, you were stripped of your cross and had a Yellow Star put on your arm.

Oh nonsense, what a load of garbage.

Being typical "Germans", the Nuremberg Laws were very meticulous and specific as to what made somebody "Jewish".

Deutshblutiger: "German Blood", can have at least 1/8 "Jewish Blood". That means no more than one great-grandparent. So this alone shows that what you said was a lie.

Mischling zweiten Second Degree: No more than one grandparent, could apply for German Citizenship (most that applied received it)

Mischling zweiten First Degree: Half or 3/8 Jewish, must apply for German Citizenship (very few who applied got it).

Jude: Anybody 3/4 Jewish or more.

You say 10 Generations? The very fact that almost nobody can trace back that far shows you are simply making that up. In addition to the very Nuremberg Laws which clearly stated who was a Jew and who was not shows quite clearly that you are wrong.

Please just stop making things up, because it makes you look like a fool.

https://www.yadvashem.org/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%206504.pdf

 

[Sixties Fan]

Today in Jewish History​

• Passing of R. Chaim Benveniste (1673)
R. Chaim Benveniste was a renowned scholar who served as rabbi in Tire, a town near Izmir, Turkey, and then in Izmir itself. His most famous work is Kenesses Hagedolah, a collection of halachic material arranged according to the order of the Code of Jewish Law.

Other notable members of the Benveniste family include Don Joseph Benveniste and Dona Gracia Mendes-Nasi.

 

[Indeependent]

Oh nonsense, what a load of garbage.

Being typical "Germans", the Nuremberg Laws were very meticulous and specific as to what made somebody "Jewish".

Deutshblutiger: "German Blood", can have at least 1/8 "Jewish Blood". That means no more than one great-grandparent. So this alone shows that what you said was a lie.

Mischling zweiten Second Degree: No more than one grandparent, could apply for German Citizenship (most that applied received it)

Mischling zweiten First Degree: Half or 3/8 Jewish, must apply for German Citizenship (very few who applied got it).

Jude: Anybody 3/4 Jewish or more.

You say 10 Generations? The very fact that almost nobody can trace back that far shows you are simply making that up. In addition to the very Nuremberg Laws which clearly stated who was a Jew and who was not shows quite clearly that you are wrong.

Please just stop making things up, because it makes you look like a fool.

https://www.yadvashem.org/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%206504.pdf

German Blood Certificate - Wikipedia

en.m.wikipedia.org

 

[Mushroom]

German Blood Certificate - Wikipedia

en.m.wikipedia.org

And nowhere in your reference does it say anything about going back 10 generations.

In fact, your own reference did say this:

The Nuremberg Laws did not define people as Jewish by cultural values, but rather looked at how many Jewish grandparents they had. Specifically, those who had three or four Jewish grandparents were considered Jews, despite any conversions to Christianity.

Gee, so your very own reference said the exact same thing I just did, it only looked as far back at grandparents. And I quite clearly stated this when I described the classifications. "Mischling zweiten" is "Mixed Race", and only having a single grandparent that was Jewish was mostly ignored. Submit a form and never practiced the religion, and even to the "Master Race" you were a good Aryan. Even two or three Jewish grandparents and you could be "made pure again" so long as you yourself were not practicing.

Wow, I absolutely love it when somebody tries to throw up a "reference", and they did not even bother to read it and it destroys their own argument and supports mine.

Now, how about a reference that states that you get thrown into camps if you have a Jew in your family tree 10 generations back.

 

[Indeependent]

And nowhere in your reference does it say anything about going back 10 generations.

In fact, your own reference did say this:



Gee, so your very own reference said the exact same thing I just did, it only looked as far back as grandparents. And I quite clearly stated this when I described the classifications. "Mischling zweiten" is "Mixed Race", and only having a single grandparent that was Jewish was mostly ignored. Submit a form and never practiced the religion, and even to the "Master Race" you were a good Aryan. Even two or three Jewish grandparents and you could be "made pure again" so long as you yourself were not practicing.

Wow, I absolutely love it when somebody tries to throw up a "reference", and they did not even bother to read it and it destroys their own argument and supports mine.

Now, how about a reference that states that you get thrown into camps if you have a Jew in your family tree 10 generations back.

Learn how to read.
1750 and maternally genetic.
And I know “non-Jews” who were in camps.

 

[Mushroom]

And I know “non-Jews” who were in camps.

Hell, a lot of the people in camps were not Jewish.

What, did you really think they were only for Jews? Holy hell, the Germans were so efficient they created an entire badge system to show who was in the camp for what. What, you think only Jews wore badges?

The Red Triangles were politicals. Mostly Communists but also unionists, anarchists, Masons, and others.

Green triangles were criminals.

Purple triangles were Jehovah's Witnesses.

Pink triangles should be obvious, that is where the current logo originated. Those were homosexuals.

Black triangles were "Others". Roma (gypsies), mentally ill or impaired, alcoholics and addicts, vagrants, even pacifists.

Jews were the largest number of those in camps, but not the only ones by far.

You really need to do some research, and not simply try to make things up.

 

[Indeependent]

Hell, a lot of the people in camps were not Jewish.

What, did you really think they were only for Jews? Holy hell, the Germans were so efficient they created an entire badge system to show who was in the camp for what. What, you think only Jews wore badges.

The Red Triangles were politicals. Mostly Communists but also unionists, anarchists, Masons, and others.

Green triangles were criminals.

Purple triangles were Jehovah's Witnesses.

Pink triangles should be obvious, that is where the current logo originated. Those were homosexuals.

Black triangles were "Others". Roma (gypsies), mentally ill or impaired, alcoholics and addicts, vagrants, even pacifists.

Jews were the largest number of those in camps, but not the only ones by far.

You really need to do some research, and not simply try to make things up.

And you need to learn how to read.

 

[Mushroom]

And you need to learn how to read.

Still waiting on the proof that they threw you into camps if you had "Jewish blood" going back to ten generations.