It was one of my textbooks for a
“Comparative Religions” class that I took in college, back in the 1980s. The class covered a wide range of different religions, and this book contains samplings of scriptures from many different religions. The instructress was rather obviously a Hindu, and much of her take was about how all the other religions derive from various aspects of Hinduism.
According to her, the Athanasian concept of a Trinity, as believed by most Christians, is derived from this Hindu teaching, but massively simplified therefrom. She taught us a word,
“Kathenotheism” referring to a large number of gods, that somehow condense down to a smaller number, of gods, and ultimately down to one.
I have to say that I don't know how much credence, if any, to give to her various claims about how certain features of other seemingly unrelated religions were allegedly borrow from Hinduism. Clearly, she was a Hindu herself, and came at it with a strong bias toward Hinduism, and toward seeing Hinduism as being the root of other religions.
During the first few centuries after Christ, as the various factions argued and politiced and warred over two main competing theories as to how to resolve the biblical depiction of one, God, and also of three separate beings, with the Athanasian theory finally becoming dominant, I don't know if any of those involve din these debates and wars and politics ever read this passage from the Upanishads, or ever heard of the Hindu take on their hierarchy of gods.
Now, as a Mormon, I do not believe the Athanasian concept. What we believe is much closer to the other competing theory, called Arianism, which holds that the three members of the Godhead are three distinct and separate individuals, functioning in perfect unity as one Godhead. I don't know that our belief is exactly the same as Arianism, but it is certainly much closer than to Athanasianism.
If you ask one of us, we'll say that there is one God, but press harder, and we'll say there are three beings that somehow constitute this one God. I don't think many of us give much thought to trying to understand or explain how three individuals constitute one God, but we are clear that they are three distinct individuals; and not whatever the Athanasian Creed tries to describe.