Take your time and read this thoroughly.
Voter Fraud
I finally have some free time, so let's go through this. I note right away that they list three main takeaways, and the first two line up very well with the principles I outlined in
this post. Heritage writes that
1. The right to vote in a free and fair election is the most basic civil right, one on which many other rights of the American people depend.
2. Congress and the states should guarantee that every eligible individual is able to vote and that no one’s vote is stolen or diluted.
I wrote:
"I have no theoretical objection to voter ID requirements at the time of voting, in conjunction with voter registration requirements. But such requirements must (in my view) be paired with programs to ensure that the burden on acquiring the ID is minimal. The same is true for other voting burdens."
The requirement that the burden be minimized reflects the fact that voting is
the most basic civil right, which Congress and the states should guarantee is protected for every eligible individual. I think as long we can agree on those principles we can almost certainly arrive at a proposed policy which would satisfy both of us. This is probably the most important thing to say about this article, in my view. The reason so many new voting laws have been struck down by the courts is because they don't respect those principles, and that is because the real motivation behind those laws was not actually to protect the sanctity of the elections process.
So by all means, pass voter ID laws, but make sure they respect those first two principles. Then I will not object.
That said, my previous post outlined a
practical objection to some new voting restrictions, and that objection is tied up with the third key takeway that Heritage lists:
3. Voter fraud is real and hundreds of convictions have been made and documented.
Heritage essentially dodges the question about whether or not voter fraud is a
significant issue, instead suggesting that any amount of fraud whatsoever is unacceptable, and that even a very small rate of fraud could decide a very close election. That's true, and of course we should (and do very well!) try to prevent fraud, but the implicit conclusion of this line of argument directly contradicts the first two principles. If you
disenfranchise 100,000 eligible voters to prevent one person from casting an illegitimate vote you are not actually serving the principle that says Congress and the states must guarantee that every eligible individual is able to vote. Therefore it is imperative to actually consider the costs of voting laws in comparison with the benefits. Heritage's own database documents only
1181 instances of voter fraud over decades -- only one of which involves more than a handful of fraudulent votes -- out of literally billions of votes cast. These numbers support the argument I made before, that there is not a problem of voter fraud sufficient to justify the kinds of new measures most states are taking.
The data also highlights something I pointed out in the NC case, where I noted that the judge found that the proposed NC law was an "inapt remedy" for the problems it was supposed to solve. Heritage lists 9 different types of potential voter fraud, but note that only 1 or 2 at most are prevented by requiring ID at polling stations specifically. There is some evidence that the most common forms of voting fraud
involve absentee ballots, and yet most states don't seem interested in focusing on preventing that form of fraud. One suspects that simply reflects the demographic groups which prefer voting absentee in comparison with those that prefer voting in person.
So, to summarize all of my arguments, the point is that there's nothing inherently wrong with rules intended to protect election integrity, but those rules must protect the basic civil right to vote. There is ample evidence that most recent new laws fail this test:
1) the lack of evidence of a significant problem of voter fraud, exemplified by your own Heritage link
2) the evidence that new laws are disenfranchising significant numbers of people
3) the fact that in many cases the new laws are not suitable to prevent the kinds of fraud actually occurring
4) the fact that so many laws are being struck down for being explicitly discriminatory
You can see in this thread that most people who believe we should have stricter voting laws are just ignoring all of the actual details in favor of simple arguments like "I need ID to fly so why not to vote?" But the details matter. If the GOP stops using voting laws to try to win elections and instead starts favoring only laws looking to solve real problems in a reasonable way, then voter ID laws will cease to be a partisan issue.