How is there 100 million in "fat" out there that nobody in the private sector went after ? If there were 100 million in "excess"s sitting on the table in any industry, someone would find a way to get some of it. That requires an explanation by itself.
(1) Sick = services delivered = revenue to the hospital.
(2) Healthy = services avoided = no revenue to the hospital.
There doesn't have to be anything to "go after," nor is anybody doing anything "wrong," when providers are delivering care as a set of episodic, acute care interventions if (1) is true. That's the business model that has to be followed under those circumstances. It just isn't the best strategy when it comes to patient health or system costs.
The question is whether the financial incentive baked into the system is to keep people healthy or to just treat them when they're sick.
The classic example is preventable hospital readmissions. There are many cases where relatively low cost interventions post-discharge could prevent a high-risk patient from ending up in the hospital for the same thing one, or two, or three weeks after they leave. That would keep the patient healthier, let them stay in their community, and avoid the expense associated with a second (or third or fourth...) inpatient stay.
But why would a hospital invest in those interventions? They cost upfront money, and they eliminate the revenue stream associated with the patient coming back for another stay (i.e., the unnecessary "expense" being eliminated is the very revenue the hospital needs to balance its books). Doing the right thing effectively costs them money twice. That's the reality of the old way of doing things.
Is this article saying that the Maryland State Government can go in and set budgets for PRIVATE HOSPITALS ?
Maryland has set prices for hospitals for the past 40 years. Under what they're doing now, they've offered all hospitals in the state the opportunity to enter into voluntary global budget contracts with the state. The goal was to recruit enough hospitals over a five year period that the amount of hospital revenue under these agreements would grow from 0% in 2014 up to 80% by 2018.
In reality, every hospital signed up in the first year and they had 95% of hospital revenue in these agreements in 2014.
Your OP states that the ACA gave authority to the state to set hospital budgets. Does this mean all hospitals ?
The state has always had the ability to control how commercial insurers and Medicaid pay hospitals (and they've exercised it for quite some time). What they don't necessarily have control over is how Medicare pays.
But their experiment won't work if Medicare isn't participating. They wouldn't be global budgets if they didn't include services provided to Medicare beneficiaries. Which is why Maryland needed to exercise an option created by the ACA (an 1115A waiver of the Social Security Act) to launch this demonstration and secure Medicare's participation.