explosion at Ariana Grande concert in Manchester, UK

[Papageorgio]

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Oh they say all the right things, we hate what the terrorists did, and then they throw in a "but" someone made them do it, "but" they are misunderstood, "but" we invaded them after 911 and on and on. The excuse the wrong doers.

 

[Papageorgio]

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Well they go we condemn the Muslim for his actions...........but you guys are the real problem here..............yeah they do.

We have a WINNER! That sums it up nicely.

 

[Dalia]

Now, We are at 82 pages and if we reread all the posts of the leftists we will find no allusion to the victims of manchester, photos or anything that would have a relationship with what happened. If I am wrong and I missed some compassion on your part let me know.

 

[Issa]

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

 

[Papageorgio]

Can you tell us a little people on how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped removed Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

So you are not one of us?

 

[eagle1462010]

Can you tell us a little people on how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped removed Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Algerian War - Wikipedia

Your source on 1.5 million...........doesn't show up anywhere I look.

 

[Issa]

I'm not French , and who are you?

Can you tell us a little people on how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped removed Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

So you are not one of us?

 

[Issa]

If you have time go down to Algeria and they'll show you all the mass graves. The French were as barbaric as Isis beheading the Algerians and displaying them, there are tons of pictures showing that.

Can you tell us a little people on how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped removed Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Algerian War - Wikipedia

Your source on 1.5 million...........doesn't show up anywhere I look.

Can you tell us a little people on how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped removed Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Algerian War - Wikipedia

Your source on 1.5 million...........doesn't show up anywhere I look.

 

[Issa]

The irony my grandfather Moroccan Muslim fought for France''s independence from the Nazis, while Morocco was still occupied by France in the promise that Morocco will be independent.
After the war went back to Morocco where he passes away, my uncle and aunt (his kids) moved to France, them and their families were segregated in ghettos with other immigrants, discriminated against in the job market, some hustled and succeed but lot were left to join gangs and radicalized.
France did so many horrI've things, and won't recognize it's mistakes. One should learn from his mistakes, or they deem to keep on repeating them.

 

[Dalia]

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Can you tell us something about the Manchester bombing ?

 

[Issa]

Horrible acts just like the French crimes in Africa and recently in Lybia that led a whole country to civil war and Isis taking over.
I needed to show how hypocrite you are, Muslims helped liberate your country, helped build it...and you lived off the wealth of,Muslims occupation and now you put them all in one basket.

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Can you tell us something about the Manchester bombing ?

 

[Dalia]

Horrible acts just like the French crimes in Africa and recently in Lybia that led a whole country to civil war and Isis taking over.
I needed to show how hypocrite you are, Muslims helped liberate your country, helped build it...and you lived off the wealth of,Muslims occupation and now you put them all in one basket.

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Can you tell us something about the Manchester bombing ?

Horrible acts, that's it ?

 

[Pogo]

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Can you tell us something about the Manchester bombing ?

I can.

It was the first terrorist bombing there since the last one --- by the IRA.

 

[Pogo]

Pogo now accuses me of Bigotry..........because I dare to point out issues both over there and here.
Then gives an example of Blow Back by crazies of another group...........

Riddle me this..................

Westboro Baptist Church are quite frankly scum. They aren't Muslims but to me they are scum. Am I now a Bigot against the Baptist as well.................................

I point out those that are obviously radical........like those who march with signs saying Islam will Dominate and Freedom Go to Hell, but I can't identify a possible threat when seeing a freaking Nutcase................

Geesh.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Oh they say all the right things, we hate what the terrorists did, and then they throw in a "but" someone made them do it, "but" they are misunderstood, "but" we invaded them after 911 and on and on. The excuse the wrong doers.

NOBODY has "excused" any "wrong doers". I've challenged you now for three days to document that and you continue to FAIL to do it.

 

[Dalia]

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

According to the left, defending Westboro is bad and anti-American, but defending terrorists and terrorist sympathizers is pro-American.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Can you tell us something about the Manchester bombing ?

I can.

It was the first terrorist bombing there since the last one --- by the IRA.

Very Small answer ...

 

[Issa]

It's an answer, isn't it?
So before you put all of us Muslims in one basket....sit with yourself, and ask what did we do collectively wrong? If I'm here in Cali minding my own business...why me and my religion gets blamed?
I gave you an example of what France did to Muslims, so you can draw a conclusion that you just can't generalise.
And wether you like it or not the fact that this terrorist managed to go to Lybia, get trained come back....and before in ghadafi''s rule he wouldn't be able to enter Lybia train with a terrorist group. But France and the coalition created that void in Lybia for the terrorists to fill in.
I know it's a too big of a picture for your small mind to comprehend and absorb.

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

I've long ago gave up on understanding Liberal Logic...

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Can you tell us something about the Manchester bombing ?

I can.

It was the first terrorist bombing there since the last one --- by the IRA.

Very Small answer ...

 

[Dr Grump]

All Terrorists are Muslims…Except the 94% that Aren’t

• Who started the First World War, which killed 37 million and injured 22, 379, 053 that includes 7 million civilians? Muslims?
• Who started the Second World War, which killed over 60 million, which was over 2.5% of the world population? Muslims?
• Who killed about 20 million of Aborigines in Australia? Muslims?
• Who drop the nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which killed 166,000 people in Hiroshima and 80,000 in Nagasaki? Muslims?
• Who killed more than 100 million Red Indians in North America? Muslims?
• Who killed more than 50 million Indian in South America? Muslims?
• Who took about 180 million African people as slaves and when 88% of them died, threw them into the Atlantic Ocean? Muslims?
NO
They weren’t Muslims! First of all, you have to define terrorism properly…. If a non-Muslim does something bad… it is crime. But if a Muslim commits the same, he is a terrorist. So first remove the double standard… then come to the point.

 

[Tilly]

Enter Multi-Culturalism..........While many decide to live within the boundaries of the Host Nation........MANY refuse to conform to their new homes laws and beliefs.......then Use the hosts own laws and Humanity against them.........Because they believe that only 1 culture should prevail based on their Religion........In the Middle East History has repeated itself as the versions of Islam wage War against ALL who don't believe as they do................Or MAKE THEM SLAVES..........or PAY A TAX to remain.....................or slaughter them such as Coptic Christians and Kurds............Based on religion..............or the version of it they deem worthy............



Nations should NOT give up their NATIONAL IDENTITY or BELIEFS to APPEASE the Beliefs systems of others....................And those SWEARING OATHS of Citizenship in our countries should Not march down streets carrying signs THAT ARE BASICALLY SEDITION against the Country THEY HAVE SWORN an OATH of ALLENGENCE TO ..................Sedition being a slippery slope.................

What am I............as an American to do when I see protests in America that hold signs up saying Islam will Dominate, or even Death to America in our own cities??????????? Immediately when I point it out..............it's Islamaphobia...........your a Bigot.............You hate all Muslims...................Which is PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE................TO SILENCE FREE SPEECH...............

I WILL NOT BE SILENCED in that I will call out what I see here................I will not care when you call me names or say I'm the problem.............When I make these statements I am not saying it is all Muslims I'm against.............But against those who DO SUCH THINGS...........DAMN SKIPPY I'M CALLING YOU OUT..............

If you don't like it here............then you can choose the Freedom that was given to you when you came here..........The Freedom TO LEAVE HERE..........If you stay.......................To which do you adhere to.................Your Religion or to our country..................or your Religion while still accepting our beliefs and laws...........

enough for now...........

Bravo, Eagle

 

[Coyote]

View attachment 129081View attachment 129082

View attachment 129083

Got about three more pages of this for 2017. Since I know they won't read the link someone provided.

Surprisingly most are in muslim coutries and they still don't want to do anything about it? KuKoo KuKoo.

Iraq, Syria and Libya are in the midst of civil wars, and are or close to being failed states. Afghanistan is also in a war.

Now...what is your point with this? They don't "want" to do anything about this?

H.L. Mencken: For every complex problem there is an answer that is clear, simple and wrong.

I think Iraq is dealing with the situation as best it can and soon ISIL will be defeated in Mosul and from there to the border. I think the situation has just had a dramatic change; the US will participate with others in the stabilization of the region. The Arab League will I think become the main vehicle for that. I am in fact quite optimistic. I look forward to the trials of those who have done the atrocities and their Meeting with Justice. The US has asked for Australia's assistance in Afghanistan. I expect that we will oblige and contribute in our small way. We are already in Iraq and I think we will be part of the Syrian stabilisation agenda; not sure exactly how. But make no mistake; the main movers will be OTHER MOSLEMS including the Kurds. (Their women are fighting where Obama feared to tread.) Says a lot about Obama's failed policies quite frankly but they are GONE now.

Greg

Egypt is coming down hard on terrorist camps in Libya after their attacks on the Copts. The US is a large part of the destabilization there - invading Iraq and "Nation Building" - I think any lasting solution (as in not something seen as yet more foreign intervention) is going to have to come from the Arab states, Iran, Turkey etc.

 

[eagle1462010]

It's an answer, isn't it?
So before you put all of us Muslims in one basket....sit with yourself, and ask what did we do collectively wrong? If I'm here in Cali minding my own business...why me and my religion gets blamed?
I gave you an example of what France did to Muslims, so you can draw a conclusion that you just can't generalise.
And wether you like it or not the fact that this terrorist managed to go to Lybia, get trained come back....and before in ghadafi''s rule he wouldn't be able to enter Lybia train with a terrorist group. But France and the coalition created that void in Lybia for the terrorists to fill in.
I know it's a too big of a picture for your small mind to comprehend and absorb.

Can you tell us a little how many people your country France killed in Africa?? We already know 1.5 million algerians.
And recently Lybia and how you guys helped remove Ghadaif after he paid billions to sarkozy? Did Isis exist in Lybia during Gaddafi or not?
Enlighten us please about how wonderful you are.

eagle1462010, I think I understood that these are superficial people who think only of their small navel which ranks side of the terrorist Muslims. They are unable to feel compassion for the victims of terrorists.
We can see it in all the sensitive thread it is always the same song Muslims are not all monsters, but nothing nothing about the victims of the attacks that means a lot, no?

Can you tell us something about the Manchester bombing ?

I can.

It was the first terrorist bombing there since the last one --- by the IRA.

Very Small answer ...

Atrocities happened on both sides of that equation. Neither side is innocent. One side says 1.5 million died........the other 400,000 in a period of 8 years.