How Long Does it Take to Become a U.S. Citizen? - Road to Status™
How Long Does it Take to Become a U.S. Citizen?
When you Google this question “How long does it take to become a U.S. Citizen?,” you will see a large, bold answer of ‘approximately 6 months’.
First off, what are the requirements?
In order to
apply for citizenship, there are some requirements that you must meet beforehand.
You must:
1) Be 18 years or older
2) Be a lawful
Green Card holder (a Legal Permanent Resident)
3) Have been in the United States for the last five years consecutively
(Note: If you are married to a U.S. Citizen, the amount of time that you must have been in the United States consecutively is reduced from 5 years to 3 years)
4) Show that you have lived for at least three months in the same state or USCIS district where you currently live
Note that you must meet these requirements
BEFORE you file your N-400 Application for Naturalization, or USCIS will reject your application.
You may, however, file your application 90 days before you have met the residency requirement of either 3 years if you are married to a U.S. citizen, or 5 years otherwise.
HOW LONG DOES THE ACTUAL CITIZENSHIP APPLICATION PROCESS TAKE?
The actual processing of your N-400 application by USCIS
can take anywhere from six months to a year (and potentially even longer).
The amount of time that it can take to hear back from USCIS about your application will depend on the time of year that you apply, the number of other applications that USCIS is handling at that time, where you live, if there are any complications in your immigration situation, and where/how you turn in your application.
Keep in mind, that while it can take weeks or months to hear back about your application’s progress, even more time can be added to the process if there are mistakes in your information on the form.
If a mistake is found in your application by USCIS, it will be returned to you and you will need to fix the mistakes and re-apply. This can significantly delay the completion of your process, significantly increase the cost of your process, and this can potentially happen multiple times with one application (which would significantly extend the amount of time that it will take to become a citizen).
After the application is properly filed (mailed) and accepted by USCIS, there are still the following steps that you will need to take to finish the process and successfully become a U.S. Citizen.
BIOMETRICS APPOINTMENT
Once USCIS receives your application,
you will be sent a biometrics appointment notice. During this appointment, you will have your fingerprints, photograph, and signature taken so that USCIS can run background checks and verify the information you submitted on your application.
This appointment is
usually scheduled within a few weeks of USCIS accepting your N-400 application. The notice will provide you with instructions on when and where you should appear, as well as the proper ID to bring with you.
This is not an appointment to submit documents, just to verify your information and have your photo, fingerprints, and signature captured. If the machines have a hard time capturing your information, USCIS can send a second appointment notice, and you do need to appear for any appointments scheduled.
CITIZENSHIP INTERVIEW, TESTS, & CEREMONY
The next appointment notice you will be sent is for your Naturalization interview. This appointment is where you will be administered the 10 question Civics test and the English language test. You will also be interviewed about your immigration history and N-400 application.
You will find out immediately if you pass the Civics and English tests in the moment so there is no waiting for that part of the process. If you do not pass the Civics or English tests, USCIS will schedule a second opportunity for you to take the tests, but you only have two chances at the tests.
If the officer needs further information or documentation in order to decide whether or not to approve you for Naturalization, they will give you a list of documents and a specific time frame to return what they request.
If you pass the interview, they might even tell you on the spot that you passed, but they can also approve you later if they need more time to review your case.
Once you have passed the tests and the interview, you will be
scheduled within approximately 6 months to take part in a Naturalization Ceremony where you will be sworn in as a U.S. Citizen.