What scientists have concluded, without any mitigating evidence to prove otherwise, is saturating our atmosphere with CO2 is causing a rapidly warming planet. Your graph on the right, which dispute the causes of our rapidly warming planet compared to accepted wisdom, is instead attributing this to the sun and volcanoes.
They are contributors, but the reality is they don't produce what we humans emit, and more importantly, we have created a positive feedback loop, where the melting permafrost releases methane, a greenhouse gas that is 86 times more potent than CO2 over 20 years, and over 30 times more potent than CO2 over 100 years. There are lots of other examples of where one change creates another change, and this multiplies the rate of climate change.
All of these human caused contributions are massive, and contribute far more to a warming planet than any naturally occurring contributors. That is what science has proven. The severity of climate change, not only in its impacts but the rate at which it progresses, is something that one can't predict with any level of certainty, and the kicker is that its progression is usually more rapid than predictions forecast.
There is a lot we don't know, but there is also a lot we do know, and the findings are grim for the future of our planet.