Price Control and Monopolization
European monopoly firms operated by constantly fighting to gain control over raw materials , markets, and means of communications. Page 158
To add insult to the injury of robbing Black workers of decent wages, capitalists and colonizers charged Black buyers more for goods and services. And since white companies had control over entire nations, those companies exercised monopolies within their sectors.
This is a practice still
alive and well today .
Colonial Government Policy and Taxation
The colonial government also prevented Africans from growing crops so that their labor would be available directly for the whites. One of the Kenya white settlers, Colonel Grogan, put it bluntly when he said of the Kikuyu : “We have stolen his land. Now we must steal his limbs. Compulsory labor is the corollary of our occupation of the country.” – Page 165
Everything African laborers produced for themselves was oppressively taxed.
Dr. Walter Rodney writes that “In those parts of the continent where land was still in African hands, colonial governments forced Africans to produce cash crops no matter how low the prices were. The favorite technique was taxation. Money taxes were introduced on numerous items-cattle, land, houses, and the people themselves. Money to pay taxes was got by growing cash crops or working on European farms or in their mines.”
Colonial policy conscripted every able bodied Black man, woman, and child who could work and fight to prop up their system of white supremacy. Africa became the largest labor camp on the planet.
To make matters worse, conscription was not limited to labor, but also included military service.
You have probably heard it said that “Africans fought and sold Africans during the colonial era”. This false assertion doesn’t take into account the fact that Africans were conscripted to fight against one another.
Black men and women in the British colonies were sent to war against Black women and men in French colonies, and all were dragged into Europe’s wars abroad.
For instance, the total number of Africans mobilized during World War II alone was about 2,350,000 men. Of that 2.3 Million, more than a million would lose their lives fighting Europe’s war.
Division of Labor
It is only the organization and resoluteness of the working class which protects it from the natural tendency of the capitalist to exploit to the utmost. That is why in all colonial territories, when African workers realized the necessity for trade union solidarity, numerous obstacles were placed in their paths by the colonial regimes.
One of the reasons unity is the biggest threat that existed – and still exists – against the system of white supremacy is that it threatens the economic foundation of the system.
By preventing workers from organizing, demanding higher wages, and threatening the profitability and monopoly of white enterprises, colonizers were able to preserve Africa’s underdeveloped status quo.
The division of labor was an important strategy used by white supremacy to maintain their control. It was for this very reason that Dr. Walter Rodney led the
Working People’s Alliance (WPA), and why so many Black organizations have taken up the mantle of Socialism.
Growth Without Development
…growth in Africa under colonialism … did not enlarge the capacity of the society to deal with the natural environment, to adjudicate relations between members of the society, and to protect the population from external forces. – Page 234
Growth without development meant there was an expansion in the goods produced and available for consumption, but the means of producing those goods – industrial development – was absent.
Today, while there are more cars on the road, more gas stations to service those cars, and larger consumer markets, the cars, gas, and goods are all produced in China, Europe, or America.
Africans are able to buy more as consumers, but are unable to become producers due to technological arrest and other factors described throughout Dr. Walter Rodney’s book.