How do we even KNOW those quotes were real? I believe the OP, why lie? So, do posters think ONLY Caucasians are racist? Only white people do hateful and vile things based on race. Every other race is a victim. I think we are at the crux of the biscuit. So here my next question: How do you prove someone is a racist? How do you KNOW? A tingling groin? A rash? What scale, what measure, HOW do KNOW? Words aren't enough. Can you look into the eyes, read the mind and know the heart? I think we should stop using that word because it is harmful and divisive. And because you can't prove it.
OK, my answers for what its worth. My father became active in the civil rights movement in the 40's so I grew up with it. In the 70's I taught at an historically black college in Mississippi. In 1972 I was a poll watcher for the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party. I've been an expert witness in federal court in employment discrimination cases. My children attended majority black public schools in Mississippi. I don't have any black friends (or gay friends, or bald friends for that matter). I have friends.
Racism is too important an issue for America to degrade its meaning through frivolous use. There is no ethnic barrier to racism; any group can have racists and any group can have victims of racism. The circumstances of race relations in the United States are such that the capacity to act on racist attitudes is weighted heavily toward white people.
Public policy should not concern itself with what people believe, there are a great number of things that people believe that are wrong and immoral. Public policy can only effectively deal with actions. Social institutions such as religion, family, education, and social organizations can and should endeavor to modify attitudes, but this is not often an area for legislation or public action. There is more to citizenship than voting and paying taxes.
Everyone is ethnocentric to some degree. This is the human characteristic of being more comfortable with people we perceive as most like us. It is not something to be proud of, being closer to feeling revulsion when seeing a person with a disfigurement, and we should try to counteract such reactions; but it is not racism.
Racism is the expression of a worldview which sets one group of people as privileged and superior to others such that it justifies exploitation, discrimination, and often violence based on race, language, culture, or visible ethnicity. Conversely racism can also be the reverse, the identification of a group to be considered inferior to everyone else. You don't have to believe in a master race and ubermenschen to be racist; either one will do. There is no reason a particular group cannot contain both authors of racist behavior and victims of racist behavior.
I do not read minds and would not claim I could identify a racist by what they thought. They need to speak or act to give me the knowledge to make a judgment. Racism is a better label for speech or behavior than it is a label for human beings.
There are no appropriate apologetics for racism. Neither academic studies nor anecdotal stories excuses racist behavior. It has no redeeming characteristics. To paraphrase Lincoln, "If racism is not evil, then nothing is evil". If humanity has any meaning for us, we have a moral duty as individuals and as a society to endeavor to reduce its expression, certainly by ourselves and also by others. In some circumstances silence is not an ethical option.
To answer directly, racism is a property of speech and action, not of thought. When you hear it or observe it you know whether it is appropriate or not. If you give people the benefit of the doubt, there are cases where the appropriate response is education rather than censure. Racism, while always an evil, is found in all gradations, and age and upbringing can mitigate a condemnation to a more gentle chastisement. I prefer to think that a lot of especially speech is more insensitivity and careless thought than malevolent intent. Reciprocity is a useful test for speech and behavior; were the roles reversed, would the speech or behavior be offensive to the speaker?
I have often been accused of being verbose and admit to bouts of incomprehensibility. I have tried to be as clear as I can, but if I seem to obfuscate, let me know and I'll try to clarify!
Peace all, Jamie