"On the extreme end imagine if half your population was substinance farmers and the other half the middle class. It would be difficult to tax the substinance farmers fairly to build a road to them."
If they are in poverty then they shouldn't pay any taxes. Of course I guess that makes it still a bit of a progressive tax system but much less so.
"Then imagine a man makes 40k. His 2k of taxes is considerably more painful than 50k from a man making 200k."
Ah, now this is what I'm getting at. The guy with 200k IS PAYING MORE. If the tax rate was 30% he is paying 60k versus 12k for the guy making only 40k. Furthermore, and more importantly, why only consider what is "painful" when it comes to inequality of money?? We don't say, gee there's an unattractive woman so let's let her pay lower taxes. In fact, here's an interesting comparison of two people to make my point.
Consider 2 women. One was born beautiful and as such has had favorable treatment throughout her life. She's spoiled and lazy. She works as a secretary because she never developed any skills and didn't want to work her way thru college. We'll call her Diva Babe.
Now compare her to an unattractive woman who kids made fun of in school and really wasn't very good at relating to other people. Kind of an MIT type geek. In any event, nobody handed anything to her. She earned it all by working hard in school, getting good grades in IT and ended up making 5 million dollars last year with the IT company she founded. According to progressive taxes, we need to TAKE FROM HER TO LEVEL THE PLAYING FIELD??
Wait a minute, she's the one who started out with an unlevel playing field and may never have the easy life of Diva Babe. If anyone should have something taken it's Diva Babe. If the govt is really interested in equality, let them take something from genetic celebrities like Diva Babe rather than take it from someone who actually EARNED IT. The progressive tax system presupposes equality at birth, and we all know that is not the case. So in short, progressive taxes reinforce inequality.