The VA has eight Priority Groups that they use to classify veterans to receive healthcare:
Priority Group 1
Veterans with VA Service-connected disabilities rated 50% or more.
Veterans assigned a total disability rating for compensation based on unemployability.
Priority Group 2
Veterans with VA Service-connected disabilities rated 30% or 40%.
Priority Group 3
Veterans who are former POWs.
Veterans awarded the Purple Heart Medal.
Veterans awarded the Medal of Honor.
Veterans whose discharge was for a disability incurred or aggravated in the line of duty.
Veterans with VA Service-connected disabilities rated 10% or 20%.
Veterans awarded special eligibility classification under Title 38, U.S.C., § 1151, “benefits for individuals disabled by treatment or vocational rehabilitation.”
Priority Group 4
Veterans receiving increased compensation or pension based on their need for regular Aid and Attendance or by reason of being permanently Housebound.
Veterans determined by VA to be catastrophically disabled.
Priority Group 5
Nonservice-connected Veterans and noncompensable Service-connected Veterans rated 0%, whose annual income and/or net worth are not greater than the VA financial thresholds.
Veterans receiving VA Pension benefits.
Veterans eligible for Medicaid benefits.
Priority Group 6
Compensable 0% Service-connected Veterans.
Veterans exposed to ionizing radiation during atmospheric testing or during the occupation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Project 112/SHAD participants.
Veterans who served in the Republic of Vietnam between January 9, 1962 and May 7, 1975.
Veterans who served in the Southwest Asia theater of operations from August 2, 1990, through November 11, 1998.
Veterans who served in a theater of combat operations after November 11, 1998, as follows:
Veterans discharged from active duty on or after January 28, 2003, for five years post discharge
Priority Group 7
Veterans with incomes below the geographic means test (GMT) income thresholds and who agree to pay the applicable copayment.
Priority Group 8
Veterans with gross household incomes above the VA national income threshold and the geographically-adjusted income threshold for their resident location and who agrees to pay copays
Veterans eligibility for enrollment: Noncompensable 0% service-connected and:
Subpriority a: Enrolled as of January 16, 2003, and who have remained enrolled since that date and/ or placed in this subpriority due to changed eligibility status.
Subpriority b: Enrolled on or after June 15, 2009 whose income exceeds the current VA National Income Thresholds or VA National Geographic Income Thresholds by 10% or less
Veterans eligible for enrollment: Nonservice-connected and:
Subpriority c: Enrolled as January 16, 2003, and who remained enrolled since that date and/ or placed in this subpriority due to changed eligibility status
Subpriority d: Enrolled on or after June 15, 2009 whose income exceeds the current VA National Income Thresholds or VA National Geographic Income Thresholds by 10% or less
Veterans not eligible for enrollment: Veterans not meeting the criteria above:
Subpriority e: Noncompensable 0% service-connected
Subpriority g: Nonservice-connected
Priority Groups Table - Health Benefits
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Some of these Priority Groups deal with Veterans who have service-related problems.
Some of these Priority Groups deal with Veterans who do not have service-related problems but whom qualify for healthcare based upon income and other circumstances.
Some of these Priority Groups deal with Veterans who do not have service-related problems and whom do not qualify based on income and other qualifications but whom would rather be treated by the VA than by private caregivers.
Some of these involve co-pays for office visits and hospitalizations and medications and some of these Priority Groups result in free services and no co-pays.
Every so often, Congress fine-tunes the VA budget, with an eye towards funding or de-funding various Priority Groups for the upcoming budget period; with the non-service -connected veterans rightfully at greater risk of becoming un-funded than those with service-related needs. Much appears to depend upon economic conditions at the time.
The VA operates over 1700 hospitals and community outreach clinics nationwide, divided into 23 regional networks, with integrated electronic records. Many VA regional hospitals are more like college campuses; huge, with their own power and heating plants, dining facilities and commissary stores, transportation hubs, normal and valet parking, etc., and more full-spectrum care packed onto their campuses than most private sector hospital campuses.
An additional Wiki-caliber overview of the VA healthcare system maybe found at...
Veterans Health Administration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia