... The problem is that the United States is spending budget money on completely ineffective programs: military operations and engineering research of the Pentagon, social programs and health programs ...
No, the problem with the US economy is the productivity gap. Since the late '70s, productivity has been increasing but capitalists haven't been sharing their increased profitability with workers. Without that fair share, workers were able to maintain their consumption of goods and services only by working more hours and borrowing. Now they've hit their limit. They can't borrow enough and they can't work more hours. The economy will continue to stagnate until they get their fair share of the wealth they create.
Why stop at the 50 yard line instead of going all the way to the end zone? The 1965 Immigration Reform Act opened the floodgates and millions of immigrants were added to the labor market, thus driving down the bargaining power of labor and strengthening capital's power to drive down wages in relation to productivity growth.
I don't think it's a simple as that. We can't just blame immigrants. True, they increase the labor supply but they also spend their earnings here. That helps the economy.
When your kid gets a paper route and donates his earnings to your household's budget, is he now a full and equal partner in the family finances?
The government spends money on behalf of citizens. A highway can only handle so much traffic per hour before it needs to be expanded, right? If a city doubles in size over a decade, then that city needs to expand it's roads, highways, water system, sewer system, school system, etc. All of this civic infrastructure costs money. Most of it comes from via government spending.
It costs about $11,000 per year to educate one child for one year in a public school
When you say that immigrants spend their earning here, how can you engage in only a one-sided analysis? Why not also examine the costs they represent? That minimum wage Mexican-American who is spending his earnings also has 3 kids in school. Right there we see a $33,000 per year cost to the taxpayers. He's sitting in rush-hour traffic with you. Right there he's consuming some of that highway traffic load capacity - that's an expense.
You know what helps the economy? Taxpayers who pay more in taxes than they consume in services. These guys are great because the surplus that they pay helps to subsidize all the services that we use. What helps the economy is when we have a ration is like 10 big tax payers / 200 middle class taxpayers. What causes problems for the economy is 10 big tax payers / 800 middle class taxpayers. Do you see why this causes a problem?
If you believe that simply adding workers helps the economy, then why don't we really boost the economy by importing 3 or 4 billion of the world's poorest people and shove them into American cities? Think of all the spending that they would do.
Lastly, and directly to my point, that immigrant who is helping the economy is also driving down your wages, increasing the bargaining power of Capital, and increasing income inequality. All the action on income inequality starts right there, in the labor market. Back in the 40s to 60s that labor market was tight, there were no immigrants, and that's when Joe Blow could be a bus driver and support his family on his income, when his kids could go to a good school, when he could afford a house, etc. He could do this because Labor was at its most powerful in relation to Capital and this was so because Capital didn't have a flooded labor market with many potential employees bidding for the same job and thus driving down wage levels and increasing profits.
You can't fix income inequality while simultaneously flooding the labor market with immigrants. Here is what is holding down wage
gains:
Government data show that since 2000 all of the net gain in the number of working-age (16 to 65) people holding a job has gone to immigrants (legal and illegal). This is remarkable given that native-born Americans accounted for two-thirds of the growth in the total working-age population. Though there has been some recovery from the Great Recession, there were still fewer working-age natives holding a job in the first quarter of 2014 than in 2000, while the number of immigrants with a job was 5.7 million above the 2000 level.
You have no bargaining power.