If nothing else, you accomplished having me go look this up and find out it's from Thomas Aquinas, and also read some rebuttals to it.
One thing that struck me is that this second way leads to the conclusion that there must be
at least one first cause. However, it allows for multiple first causes.
Here are a couple of the discussions I read about this:
https://www3.nd.edu/~jspeaks/courses/2009-10/10100/LECTURES/3-second-way.pdf
Thomas Aquinas, "The Argument from Efficient Cause"
All of the rebuttals aren't really rebuttals; they redefine words differently from Aquina's established definitions and then segue from there into unrelated arguments, i.e. they make up their own 'arguments' to rebut.
Formal logic is ultimately incorrect in the first place; it is circular reasoning, a function of definitions. This is why you will find philosophy majors who claim they can take any side of an argument, and win a debate with you; they understand the rules, while most average people don't, even those who take Philosophy 101, intro to logic.
Few go on to take 102, where the most useful logic is taught, informal logic. This is the course where you learn that many of the 'fallacies' you were taught to memorize in 101 are actually valid arguments in some cases, like ad homs; a lot of you really are stupid, for instance, so it isn't necessarily a fallacy.