We aren't discussing the seasons. We are discussing the 41,000 year cycle over which Earth's obliquity varies from 22.1 to 24.5 degrees.
Initially, the glacial-interglacial cycles had a period of 41,000 years, matching that of obliquity. About one million years ago at a point in time called the MPT for Mid-Pleistocene Transition, the amplitude of the temperature oscillation increased and the period increased to 100,000 years (the period of eccentricity). If you want to debate these points, you need to do a little reading. Just reading ding posts won't do anything for you.
Do you have a citation ... or are you just making this up as you go ...
Interglacial cycles are 125,000 years ... that doesn't match obliquity ... stupid ... why are you saying they do ...
I took some classes in astronomy and astrophysics, as well as the orbital mechanics covered in calculus classes ... I've done a lot of reading on this subject ... irradiation is an "inverse square of distant" law ... same with insolation ... obliquity doesn't change distance, it doesn't change climate ...
Eccentricity deserves your mathematical knowhow ... go ahead, I dare you ... calculate the change in temperature due to a change in eccentricity ... and show your math, I don't think you can to be frank ... you need to read up on high school geometry ...
Oh I've seen a half dozen folks answer your questions ... all in good faith ... all with complete honesty ... maybe not complete, but none of us are telling you fibs ... if you were an honest poster, you would have noticed ...
Do you have a citation ... or are you just making this up as you go ...
Interglacial cycles are 125,000 years ... that doesn't match obliquity ... stupid ... why are you saying they do ...
I took some classes in astronomy and astrophysics, as well as the orbital mechanics covered in calculus classes ... I've done a lot of reading on this subject ... irradiation is an "inverse square of distant" law ... same with insolation ... obliquity doesn't change distance, it doesn't change climate ...
Eccentricity deserves your mathematical knowhow ... go ahead, I dare you ... calculate the change in temperature due to a change in eccentricity ... and show your math, I don't think you can to be frank ... you need to read up on high school geometry ...
We aren't discussing the seasons. We are discussing the 41,000 year cycle over which Earth's obliquity varies from 22.1 to 24.5 degrees.
Initially, the glacial-interglacial cycles had a period of 41,000 years, matching that of obliquity. About one million years ago at a point in time called the MPT for Mid-Pleistocene Transition, the amplitude of the temperature oscillation increased and the period increased to 100,000 years (the period of eccentricity). If you want to debate these points, you need to do a little reading. Just reading ding posts won't do anything for you.
Oh I've seen a half dozen folks answer your questions ... all in good faith ... all with complete honesty ... maybe not complete, but none of us are telling you fibs ... if you were an honest poster, you would have noticed ...
Do you have a citation ... or are you just making this up as you go ...
Interglacial cycles are 125,000 years ... that doesn't match obliquity ... stupid ... why are you saying they do ...
I took some classes in astronomy and astrophysics, as well as the orbital mechanics covered in calculus classes ... I've done a lot of reading on this subject ... irradiation is an "inverse square of distant" law ... same with insolation ... obliquity doesn't change distance, it doesn't change climate ...
Eccentricity deserves your mathematical knowhow ... go ahead, I dare you ... calculate the change in temperature due to a change in eccentricity ... and show your math, I don't think you can to be frank ... you need to read up on high school geometry ...
And if you have any further questions, just go to Google and Google scholar and ask "What causes the glacial-interglacial cycle?" If you can find anything OTHER than Milankovitch orbital forcing, please let us know.
And if you have any further questions, just go to Google and Google scholar and ask "What causes the glacial-interglacial cycle?" If you can find anything OTHER than Milankovitch orbital forcing, please let us know.
There it is .. a full admission you don't know what your talking about ...
No one knows what causes the interglacial cycle ... the main argument against Milankovitch Cycles is none of them line up with this interglacial cycle ... no correlation ... my question is about cause-and-effect ... how does obliquity change the distance to the Sun? ...
There it is .. a full admission you don't know what your talking about ...
No one knows what causes the interglacial cycle ... the main argument against Milankovitch Cycles is none of them line up with this interglacial cycle ... no correlation ... my question is about cause-and-effect ... how does obliquity change the distance to the Sun? ...
Dear Google, what caused the glacial-interglacial cycles?
AI Overview
The Earth's orbit around the sun and its axis have caused glacial-interglacial cycles for millions of year by changing the amount of sunlight that reaches the Northern Hemisphere in the summer. These changes are called Milankovitch cycles and include:
Eccentricity: Changes in the Earth's orbit around the sun
Obliquity: Shifts in the tilt of the Earth's axis
Precession: The wobbling motion of the Earth's axis
These cycles have occurred in different intensities over multi-millennial time scales, with a frequency of about 100,000 years since the middle Quaternary period, which began 2.6 millioins years ago. Interglacial periods usually happen when the Northern Hemisphere receives more intense summer solar radiation.
What causes glacial–interglacial cycles? Variations in Earth’s orbit through time have changed the amount of solar radiation Earth receives in each season.
Glacial-interglacial cycles are believed to be driven by changes in the orbital pattern of the Earth that has periods of about 20 ka, 40 ka and 100 ka.
Glacials and interglacials occur in fairly regular repeated cycles. The timing is governed to a large degree by predictable cyclic changes in Earth’s orbit, which affect the amount of sunlight reaching different parts of Earth’s surface. The three orbital variations are: (1) changes in Earth’s orbit around the Sun (eccentricity), (2) shifts in the tilt of Earth’s axis (obliquity), and (3) the wobbling motion of Earth’s axis (precession).
An ice age is a long interval of time (millions to tens of millions of years) when global temperatures are relatively cold and large areas of the Earth are covered by continental ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Within an ice age are multiple shorter-term periods of warmer temperatures when...
geology.utah.gov
About a million years ago, something big happened to the planet. There was a major shift in the response of Earth's climate system to variations in our orbit around the Sun. That shift is called the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, or MPT. Before the MPT, cycles between colder glacial and warmer interglacial periods happened every 41,000 years. After, glacial periods became more intense -- intense enough to form ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere that lasted 100,000 years. That gave Earth the regular ice age cycles that have persisted into human time.
About a million years ago, something big happened to the planet. There was a major shift in the response of Earth's climate system to variations in our orbit…
new.nsf.gov
Scientists have long puzzled over what triggered this. A likely reason would be a phenomenon called Milankovitch cycles—cyclic changes in Earth’s orbit and orientation toward the Sun that affect the amount of energy that Earth absorbs. This, scientists agree, has been the main natural driver of alternating warm and cold periods for millions of years.
A new study suggests that a million years ago, glaciers began sticking more persistently to their beds, triggering cycles of longer ice ages.
news.climate.columbia.edu
Interglacials and glacials coincide with cyclic changes in Earth's orbit. Three orbital variations contribute to interglacials. The first is a change in Earth's orbit around the Sun, or eccentricity. The second is a shift in the tilt of Earth's axis, or obliquity. The third is the wobbling motion of Earth's axis, or precession.
The next logical item to consider is what factors cause those regular shifts between glacial and interglacial periods. It turns out that three of the most critical factors are related to the position and orientation of the Earth with respect to the Sun: eccentricity,precession, andobliquity (or tilt).
Today, his [Milankovitch's] theory is the most widely accepted explanation for the cause of glaciations. The Milankovitch Theory explains the 3 cyclical changes in Earth's orbit and tilt that cause the climate fluctuations occuring over tens of thousands of years to hundreds of thousands of years. These fluctuations include changes in the shape (eccentricity) of Earth's orbit, the tilt (obliquity) of Earth's axis, and the wobbling (precession) of Earth's axis.
The Florida Center for Environmental Studies (CES) Climate Science Investigations of South Florida.
www.ces.fau.edu
The onset of an interglacial (glacial termination) seems to require a reducing precession parameter (increasing Northern Hemisphere summer insolation), but this condition alone is insufficient. Terminations involve rapid, nonlinear, reactions of ice volume, CO2, and temperature to external astronomical forcing. The precise timing of events may be modulated by millennial-scale climate change that can lead to a contrasting timing of maximum interglacial intensity in each hemisphere. A variety of temporal trends is observed, such that maxima in the main records are observed either early or late in different interglacials. The end of an interglacial (glacial inception) is a slower process involving a global sequence of changes. Interglacials have been typically 10–30 ka long. The combination of minimal reduction in northern summer insolation over the next few orbital cycles, owing to low eccentricity, and high atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations implies that the next glacial inception is many tens of millennia in the future.
The Earth has had an interesting temperature history. Over the past few billion years, it has been one of cooling. That includes the latest ice age, the Quaternary Period, which began 2.58 million years ago and continues through this day. That span of time has been divided into warmer and cooler periods termed interglacials and glacials, respectively. We are currently in a warmer interglacial period known as the Holocene. For the past 6,000 years, since a maximum temperature point known as the Holocene Climate Optimum, the Earth has been gradually cooling. However, the best estimates as to when the Earth will begin moving back into a glacial period are on the order of 50,000 years. Carbon dioxide from human emissions could theoretically delay that by another 50,000 years.
As noted, the Quaternary Period is divided into glacial and interglacial periods. In the first million years of the Quaternary, that cycle took place at a 41,000 year period with a relatively low thermal amplitude. At the Mid-Pleiocene Transition (MPT), however, the Earth underwent an "abrupt" shift to a high amplitude, 100,000 year period. The cause of the MPT is still under debate with the primary factors under discussion being the removal of regolith and exposure of unweathered bedrock by glacial scraping of the Laurentide and Cordillera ice sheet, a slow decrease in available CO2 due to decreased volcanism, increased carbonate weathering and the increased subduction of ocean sediments. Other discussions re CO2 availability concern the changes in vegetated area created by glacial growth and decline.
Another theory contends that the scraping of the major ice sheets and exposure of the bedrock beneath them dramatically increased the friction between ice and rock and slowed the movement and oscillation of the glacial sheets. Still another suggests that the phase locking of the Northern and Southern Hemispheric ice sheets allowed for a much greater build up of ice slowing the oscillation cycle.
Roughly a century ago, Serbian scientists Milutin Milankovitch:
"...hypothesized the long-term, collective effects of changes in Earth’s position relative to the Sun are a strong driver of Earth’s long-term climate, and are responsible for triggering the beginning and end of glaciation periods.
...
Milankovitch’s work was supported by other researchers of his time, and he authored numerous publications on his hypothesis. But it wasn’t until about 10 years after his death in 1958 that the global science community began to take serious notice of his theory. In 1976, a study in the journal Science by Hays et al. using deep-sea sediment cores found that Milankovitch cycles correspond with periods of major climate change over the past 450,000 years, with Ice Ages [glacial periods] occurring when Earth was undergoing different stages of orbital variation.
Several other projects and studies have also upheld the validity of Milankovitch’s work, including research using data from ice cores in Greenland and Antarctica that has provided strong evidence of Milankovitch cycles going back many hundreds of thousands of years. In addition, his work has been embraced by the National Research Council of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences.
Scientific research to better understand the mechanisms that cause changes in Earth’s rotation and how specifically Milankovitch cycles combine to affect climate is ongoing. But the theory that they drive the timing of glacial-interglacial cycles is well accepted."
The orbital dynamics that Milankovitch studied were three cycles:
1) Eccentricity: This is basically the shape of the Earth's orbit which becomes, very slightly, more and less elliptical in a 100,000 year cycle. At its most circular, the Earth's orbit has an eccentricity of 0.0034. At its most elliptical, an eccentricity of 0.058. The eccentricity of a perfect circle is 0, that of a parabola is 1. Earth's eccentricity is currently decreasing. Our orbit is approaching maximum circularity. Eccentricity is why seasons are of different lengths in the northern and southern hemisphere and alters the Earth total solar irradiance (TSI) over the course of the solar year. When the Earth's orbit is its most eccentric, there is a 23% difference in TSI between perihelion and aphelion (the closest and furthest points from the sun, respectively). Changes in eccentricity are small and so this factor has a small, but non-zero, effect on the Earth's climate. Eccentricity is due primarily to the gravitation influence of Jupiter and Saturn, the two largest planets. As many of you know, at present, the Earth is actually closest to the sun in mid-Winter and furthest in mid-Summer.
2) Obliquity: These are changes in the angle between the Earth's axis of rotation and our orbital plane. The Earth's obliquity varies between 22.1 and 24.5 degrees over a period of roughly 41,000 years. When the angle increases, the Earth's hemispheres experience warmer summers and colder winters. The effect is latitudinally dependent as higher latitudes (closer to the poles) see larger changes than lower latitudes closer to the Equator. Larger obliquity angles lead to deglaciation. The Earth's obliquity is currently at 23.4 degrees and is decreasing towards the next minimum in about 10,000 years.
3a) Axial Precession: Precession is the wobble of Earth's rotational axis relative to the stellar background which occurs in a period of 25,771.5 years. This motion is similar to the wobble of the rotational axis of an off-center toy top. The precession angle controls the seasonal contrast of each hemisphere. As noted above, the Earth is currently closest to the sun in January. This tends to moderate northern hemisphere (NH) winter and increase the intensity of southern hemisphere (SH) summers. When the angle has rotated 180 degrees, these effects will be reversed. It is axial precession that will eventually remove Polaris and Sigma Octantis (aka Polaris Australis) from their "North Star" and "South Star" positions just as a few thousand years ago the stars Kochab and Pherkad held those positions.
3b) Apsidial Precession: There is another precessive movement in which the plane of the Earth's orbit wobbles irregularly on a roughly 112,000 year cycle, due once more, primarily from the gravity of Jupiter and Saturn. The combination of the two movements produce a cycle of approximately 23,000 years.
As I'm sure all the regulars here have noted, poster ding and I have been in a protracted argument about the cause of the glacial-interglacial cycle. Ding has claimed that changes in ocean currents are responsible for all climate change for the past 3 million years, which would include the entire Quaternary and it ~30 glacial-interglacial cycles. Ding has repeatedly rejected Milankovitch's widely accepted theories that the trigger for that cycle is the orbital forcing described above. Shortly after our discussions began and following my pointing out to him that he had yet to find (and still has not found) a single source to support his idea that ocean current changes were responsible for the glacial-interglacial cycle, he altered his contention and now will not utter the term "glacial-interglacial cycle" and instead argues over and over again that changes in ocean currents are responsible for "abrupt climate changes". Initially, he attempted to include the glacial-interglacial transitions as just one more "abrupt climate change" but seems to have pulled back from that stance. It is possible that some portion of ding's motive in holding the positions he does in opposition of mainstream science and great deal of evidence is that orbital forcing produces the glacial-interglacial cycle with positive and negative feedback from CO2 released and withdraw to and from the atmosphere by temperature changes of the world's oceans and the gain and loss of arable land to oscillating ice sheets.
My position in this argument has consistently concerned the causative trigger of the glacial-interglacial cycle. I have not allowed myself to be drawn off into discussions of the D-O and Heinrich events that produce the "noise" commonly seen on ice core temperature and CO2 records that ding would dearly prefer. The transitions between glacial and interglacial periods are not D-O or Heinrich events. Ding likes to take my refusals to so engage as rejections of his comments about oceans and abrupt climate events. I am fully aware of the magnitude of the oceans heat capacity and what effects changes in ocean circulation, either from large meltwater impacts or tectonic movement can have on the Earth's global and regional climate. I am also aware that climate changes can alter ocean circulation producing complex and occasionally counterintuitive effects. However, my sole point of contention with him at this point is the causes of the glacial-interglacial cycle. Now ding has also claimed that the warming since the Industrial Revolution is not due to increased CO2 but, again, due to changes in ocean circulation. I save that discussion for another day.
I would like to point out that if ding had not even brought up glacial-interglacial cycles but had stuck to D-O and Heinrich events or even to full-up ice ages, I would have had no objection to the importance of ocean circulation, thermohaline circulation and tectonics changes in current paths. It was his insistence that orbital forcing did nothing and that the glacial-interglacial cycles were driven by changes in ocean currents, which causes he has never actually detailed.
So, in summation, I wish to encourage the readers here, once more, to review the results of asking Google or Google Scholar - or any search engine you wish to use - the following question: "WHAT IS THE CAUSE OF THE GLACIAL-INTERGLACIAL CYCLE?" I have done so now repeatedly and have gone through pages of the results. I have yet to find a single result that suggests ANYTHING other than Milankovitch's orbital forcing. The links below are from my last such search. Every one of these, at some points, specifically states or explicitly assumes that the glacial-interglacial cycle is triggered by Milankovitch's orbital forcing and, though the system and its responses are complex, I have yet to find ANY other triggering mechanisms even suggested.
"Among the longest astrophysical and astronomical cycles that might influence climate (and even among all forcing mechanisms external to the climatic system itself), only those involving variations in the elements of the Earth's orbit have been found to be significantly related to the long-term climatic data deduced from the geological record."
He calculated that Ice Ages occur approximately every 41,000 years. Subsequent research confirms that they did occur at 41,000-year intervals between one and three million years ago. But about 800,000 years ago, the cycle of Ice Ages lengthened to 100,000 years, matching Earth’s eccentricity cycle. While various theories have been proposed to explain this transition, scientists do not yet have a clear answer.
Variations in Earth’s orbit through time have changed the amount of solar radiation Earth receives in each season. Interglacial periods tend to happen during times of more intense summer solar radiation in the Northern Hemisphere. These glacial–interglacial cycles have waxed and waned throughout the Quaternary Period (the past 2.6 million years).
Glacial-interglacial cycles are believed to be driven by changes in the orbital pattern of the Earth that has periods of about 20 ka, 40 ka and 100 ka [25].
The onset of an interglacial (glacial termination) seems to require a reducing precession parameter (increasing Northern Hemisphere summer insolation), but this condition alone is insufficient. Terminations involve rapid, nonlinear, reactions of ice volume, CO2, and temperature to external astronomical forcing.
Abstract. The glacial–interglacial cycles of the Quaternary exhibit 41 kyr periodicity before the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT) around 1.2–0.8 Myr ago and ∼ 100 kyr periodicity after that. From the viewpoint of dynamical systems, proposed mechanisms generating these periodicities are broadly...
esd.copernicus.org
While we interpret the dominant periodicities of glacial cycles as the result of synchronization of internal self-sustained oscillations to the astronomical forcing, the Quaternary glacial cycles show facets of both synchronization and forced response.
An ice age is a long interval of time (millions to tens of millions of years) when global temperatures are relatively cold and large areas of the Earth are covered by continental ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Within an ice age are multiple shorter-term periods of warmer temperatures when...
geology.utah.gov
One significant trigger in initiating ice ages is the changing positions of Earth’s ever-moving continents, which affect ocean and atmospheric circulation patterns.
The timing of precession and obliquity cycles determined the duration of each glacial/interglacial period during the Early Pleistocene, according to dynamic ice-sheet-climate simulations of the glacial cycles between 1.6 and 1.2 million years ago.
www.nature.com
The lead-lag relationship between precession and obliquity controls the length of interglacial periods, the shape of the glacial cycle, and the glacial ice-sheet geometry.
Climate simulations show how changes in Earth’s orbit alter the distribution of sea ice on the planet, helping to set the pace for the glacial cycle.
www.brown.edu
Each of these Milankovitch Cycles can influence the amount of sunlight the planet receives, which in turn can influence climate. The changes cycle through every 100,000, 41,000 and 21,000 years.
The Earth has gone through multiple ice ages in the past million years. Understanding the ice age dynamics is crucial to paleoclimatic study, and is helpful ...
www.frontiersin.org
The Earth has gone through multiple ice ages in the past million years. Understanding the ice age dynamics is crucial to paleoclimatic study, and is helpful for addressing future climate challenges. Though ice ages are paced by variations in Earth’s orbit geometry, how various climatic system components on the Earth respond to insolation forcing and interact with each other remains unclear.
A transition from low-amplitude sinusoidal obliquity (~41 ky) and precession (~23 ky) driven glacial/interglacial cycles to high-amplitude ~100 ky likely eccentricity-related sawtooth cycles seen between −1.25 My and −0.75 My BP (the Mid-Pleistocene transition or “MPT”) in FIT simulations disappears in BIT integrations depending on the details of how the regolith removal process is treated.
Abstract. The Earth's climate during the Quaternary is dominated by short warm interglacials and longer cold glaciations paced by external forcings such as changes in insolation. Although not observed in the solar radiation changes, the time series of the cycles display asymmetry since...
esd.copernicus.org
While it is mostly agreed that astronomical forcings trigger glacial–interglacial transitions, a similar shape is not observed in insolation changes, suggesting a nonlinear response by the climate system (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2007).
Interglacials and glacials coincide with cyclic changes in Earth's orbit. Three orbital variations contribute to interglacials. The first is a change in Earth's orbit around the Sun, or eccentricity. The second is a shift in the tilt of Earth's axis, or obliquity. The third is the wobbling motion of Earth's axis, or precession.[Eldredge, S. "Ice Ages – What are they and what causes them?". Utah Geological Survey. Retrieved 2 March 2013.]
Dear Google, what caused the glacial-interglacial cycles?
AI Overview
The Earth's orbit around the sun and its axis have caused glacial-interglacial cycles for millions of year by changing the amount of sunlight that reaches the Northern Hemisphere in the summer. These changes are called Milankovitch cycles and include:
Eccentricity: Changes in the Earth's orbit around the sun
Obliquity: Shifts in the tilt of the Earth's axis
Precession: The wobbling motion of the Earth's axis
These cycles have occurred in different intensities over multi-millennial time scales, with a frequency of about 100,000 years since the middle Quaternary period, which began 2.6 millioins years ago. Interglacial periods usually happen when the Northern Hemisphere receives more intense summer solar radiation.
What causes glacial–interglacial cycles? Variations in Earth’s orbit through time have changed the amount of solar radiation Earth receives in each season.
Glacial-interglacial cycles are believed to be driven by changes in the orbital pattern of the Earth that has periods of about 20 ka, 40 ka and 100 ka.
Glacials and interglacials occur in fairly regular repeated cycles. The timing is governed to a large degree by predictable cyclic changes in Earth’s orbit, which affect the amount of sunlight reaching different parts of Earth’s surface. The three orbital variations are: (1) changes in Earth’s orbit around the Sun (eccentricity), (2) shifts in the tilt of Earth’s axis (obliquity), and (3) the wobbling motion of Earth’s axis (precession).
An ice age is a long interval of time (millions to tens of millions of years) when global temperatures are relatively cold and large areas of the Earth are covered by continental ice sheets and alpine glaciers. Within an ice age are multiple shorter-term periods of warmer temperatures when...
geology.utah.gov
About a million years ago, something big happened to the planet. There was a major shift in the response of Earth's climate system to variations in our orbit around the Sun. That shift is called the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, or MPT. Before the MPT, cycles between colder glacial and warmer interglacial periods happened every 41,000 years. After, glacial periods became more intense -- intense enough to form ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere that lasted 100,000 years. That gave Earth the regular ice age cycles that have persisted into human time.
About a million years ago, something big happened to the planet. There was a major shift in the response of Earth's climate system to variations in our orbit…
new.nsf.gov
Scientists have long puzzled over what triggered this. A likely reason would be a phenomenon called Milankovitch cycles—cyclic changes in Earth’s orbit and orientation toward the Sun that affect the amount of energy that Earth absorbs. This, scientists agree, has been the main natural driver of alternating warm and cold periods for millions of years.
A new study suggests that a million years ago, glaciers began sticking more persistently to their beds, triggering cycles of longer ice ages.
news.climate.columbia.edu
Interglacials and glacials coincide with cyclic changes in Earth's orbit. Three orbital variations contribute to interglacials. The first is a change in Earth's orbit around the Sun, or eccentricity. The second is a shift in the tilt of Earth's axis, or obliquity. The third is the wobbling motion of Earth's axis, or precession.
The next logical item to consider is what factors cause those regular shifts between glacial and interglacial periods. It turns out that three of the most critical factors are related to the position and orientation of the Earth with respect to the Sun: eccentricity,precession, andobliquity (or tilt).
Today, his [Milankovitch's] theory is the most widely accepted explanation for the cause of glaciations. The Milankovitch Theory explains the 3 cyclical changes in Earth's orbit and tilt that cause the climate fluctuations occuring over tens of thousands of years to hundreds of thousands of years. These fluctuations include changes in the shape (eccentricity) of Earth's orbit, the tilt (obliquity) of Earth's axis, and the wobbling (precession) of Earth's axis.
The Florida Center for Environmental Studies (CES) Climate Science Investigations of South Florida.
www.ces.fau.edu
The onset of an interglacial (glacial termination) seems to require a reducing precession parameter (increasing Northern Hemisphere summer insolation), but this condition alone is insufficient. Terminations involve rapid, nonlinear, reactions of ice volume, CO2, and temperature to external astronomical forcing. The precise timing of events may be modulated by millennial-scale climate change that can lead to a contrasting timing of maximum interglacial intensity in each hemisphere. A variety of temporal trends is observed, such that maxima in the main records are observed either early or late in different interglacials. The end of an interglacial (glacial inception) is a slower process involving a global sequence of changes. Interglacials have been typically 10–30 ka long. The combination of minimal reduction in northern summer insolation over the next few orbital cycles, owing to low eccentricity, and high atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations implies that the next glacial inception is many tens of millennia in the future.
The math is certainly available not that you could make heads nor tails of it. And I didn't cherry pick Google. I didn't pass up a single result. That makes YOU the liar.
The math is certainly available not that you could make heads nor tails of it. And I didn't cherry pick Google. I didn't pass up a single result. That makes YOU the liar.
Then show us ... if an astrophysicist can understand the math, then so can I ... or better, you do the math ... how does obliquity change irradiation? ...
It's been close to 50 years, but I did study these orbital mechanics, with all the college math necessary to prove each and every orbital formula ... you would have too, except you lie about your education ... the question I've asked is high school geometry, stupid, it's not that hard ...
Then show us ... if an astrophysicist can understand the math, then so can I ... or better, you do the math ... how does obliquity change irradiation? ...
It's been close to 50 years, but I did study these orbital mechanics, with all the college math necessary to prove each and every orbital formula ... you would have too, except you lie about your education ... the question I've asked is high school geometry, stupid, it's not that hard ...
