What do historians make of originalism? Jack Rakove, the Stanford historian and one of the foremost experts on the revolutionary era, argues that there wasn’t just one meaning of the Constitution at the time it was written and then ratified, but rather the founders had disagreements among themselves over its meaning.
He points to the great Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall, who wrote that “historians can never forget that it is a debate they are interpreting.”
The inability to recognize the extent to which the Founding Fathers argued among themselves is a major flaw in the conservative case for originalism since it is dependent on the theory that people in the 18th century shared a common interpretation of the Constitution.
In fact, they did not, as one of the earliest debates over the meaning of the Constitution shows.
The Founders Would Not Recognize Originalism—Why Should We?
Correct.
Originalism is in direct conflict with the most fundamentals tenets of the Anglo-American judicial tradition: precedent, the rule of law, and the interpretive authority of the courts.
Indeed, originalism is inconsistent with Article III and Article VI of the Constitution, where it was clearly the understanding and intent of the Framers and Founding Generation that the Supreme Court would determine what the Constitution means, that Supreme Court rulings would be the law of the land, and that those rulings would be binding on the states and local jurisdictions.
To paraphrase Justice Kennedy in
Lawrence, the Framers did not presume to have a comprehensive understanding of all the manifestations of liberty; the principles codified in the Constitution afford citizens the means by which to discover the fullness of our liberties, and the ability to express our freedoms to their utmost extent – originalism is clearly hostile to the realization of both.