Kudos, you hit the nail on the head. When a company buys back their stock they are saying, "Sorry, we don't have any acceptable capital investments for our profits, so we are throwing that money back to you, the shareholder." WTF? Why did you invest in the company to start with? It is a punt, plain and simple. And I got to tell you, if you bet on a team that punts after three downs time and time again you are going to go broke.
But there are a lot of things in play here. First, it used to be illegal for companies to buy back stock. It was considered price manipulation and it was specifically banned. Ronald Reagan changed that. Second, accounting firms used to be liable for the misstatement of earnings from companies. They approve the earnings statement of a company, and it turns out wrong, the accounting firm was responsible for the loss of capitalization. Reagan changed that too.
Then we come to executive compensation, at that is on Clinton. First, he reduced the capital gains rate, but second, he no longer required companies to account for stock options used in executive compensation. If the CEO takes office and the stock is 20 bucks a share, and he gets an option at that price, when the stock reaches 40 bucks he can sell. First, he pays capital gains tax, not income tax, on that gain. But second, and most importantly, the company, which pays the difference, doesn't have to record that liability on the balance sheet. Like, WTF?
One of my favorite stories, and I know I have provided them before. Business school, advanced Finance class, professor asks, what should be a company's primary goal. I jump all over it, I proclaim, "maximize contribution". The professor was like, "wrong". I was puzzled. Then some snot nosed little shit goes, "maximize share price", and the professor was like "correct". I flipped the fawk out. I was coming unglued. The professor recognized me and I just let it out, "You mean what is important is how much the people think a company is going to make as opposed to how much a company actually made?" And he was like, "Yeah, that is exactly it". I retorted, "Well, I just wasted 14 grand".
The solution is really simple. Stock buybacks, banned. Capital gains, taxed as ordinary income. Accounting firms, on the hook for mis-stated earnings, 100%. Stock options, a real liability that must be on the balance sheet. All that makes sense. Common sense.