There is a lot of space between genetic and a "choice" - those aren't the only two options in otherwords.
Both heterosexuality and homosexuality are choices in that that acting on it is a choice. A person has free will and can choose whether or not to act on desire. Theoretically.
Sexual orientation however, is far more complicated. A more relevant question might be "is homosexuality hardwired"? Something can be genetically influenced or caused by multiple genes, the interaction of a number of genes, the interaction of genes with environment and the end result is something that is hardwired but not necessarily traceable to a single gene - the so-called gay gene. It's also possible that there are multiple causes - homosexuality is just the external manifestation that in some people may be caused by one thing, and other groups of people by something else.
The Gay Brain What makes us LGBT - Out FrontOut Front
The reasons I believe it is hardwired are:
The Gay Brain? Neuroscientists find evidence that homosexuality is hard-wired:
Dr. John Corvino, Chair of the Philosophy Department at Wayne State University in Michigan and author of the book, What’s Wrong with Homosexuality? said the question itself is problematic. Corvino described a dilemma in framing a question to have only two possible answers: Homosexuality as a choice, or homosexuality as hardwired.
“There are two separate issues here,” said Corvino. “One is the question of how we come to have the sexual orientation that we have. The other question is can we choose to change that in some way.”
Corvino writes in his book that he neither knows nor cares if he was “born” homosexual. “I don’t remember the way the world was when I was born, and I can’t discern my genetic makeup by simple introspection. All I know is that I’ve had these feelings for a long time, they’re a deep fact about me, and they’re not something that I can readily change, even if I wanted to.”
“I think a lot of gay people, in going through the coming out process, face the idea (particularly from their parents) that this is somehow an act of defiance,” said Corvino. “So they feel like, in order to establish that ‘no, this is a real and deep part of me,’ they have to show that they were somehow born with it.”
But Corvino points out that for a trait to be a real and deep characteristic of someone’s life, it doesn’t need to have a biological origin – like religion, for example. Furthermore, there are many biologically–driven human characteristics that can be changed, such as hair color. That’s not to imply one can change sexual orientation.
Being born with a trait, and whether you can change that trait, are two completely different issues, Corvino says.
Both heterosexuality and homosexuality are choices in that that acting on it is a choice. A person has free will and can choose whether or not to act on desire. Theoretically.
Sexual orientation however, is far more complicated. A more relevant question might be "is homosexuality hardwired"? Something can be genetically influenced or caused by multiple genes, the interaction of a number of genes, the interaction of genes with environment and the end result is something that is hardwired but not necessarily traceable to a single gene - the so-called gay gene. It's also possible that there are multiple causes - homosexuality is just the external manifestation that in some people may be caused by one thing, and other groups of people by something else.
The Gay Brain What makes us LGBT - Out FrontOut Front
Contrary to what you may have heard, scientists have yet to discover a “gay gene.” But there is scientific evidence that homosexuality has a hereditary component and usually runs in families.
“There’s no genetic evidence for homosexuality. But there’s no gene for race determination either,” explained Dr. David Wagner, Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of Colorado, Denver. “It’s the way genes are managed and controlled. It’s their epigenetics that make a difference.”
“There’s no genetic evidence for homosexuality. But there’s no gene for race determination either,” explained Dr. David Wagner, Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of Colorado, Denver. “It’s the way genes are managed and controlled. It’s their epigenetics that make a difference.”
The reasons I believe it is hardwired are:
- as far as we can tell, the ratio of homosexual/heterosexual seems to stay about the same. You don't see huge fluxuations when societies are more permissive or more draconian.
- it occurs in non-human species
- why would someone in a society where it is despised, criminalized and potentially lethal "choose" that?
- most attempts to change orientation (the ex-gay movements) ultimately fail and even some of the success' say their orientation, who they are attracted to, remained unchanged - they just changed their external behavior.
The Gay Brain? Neuroscientists find evidence that homosexuality is hard-wired:
[Neuroscience researchers] found that the brains of homosexual men and heterosexual women were more symmetrical than the brains of heterosexual men and homosexual women. A similar difference emerged when the researchers looked in particular at the amygdala, a brain region associated with emotional reactions. Heterosexual women and homosexual men had more connections between their right and left amygdala and more connections with other brain regions than did homosexual women and heterosexual men.
In the end, though - does it matter?
Dr. John Corvino, Chair of the Philosophy Department at Wayne State University in Michigan and author of the book, What’s Wrong with Homosexuality? said the question itself is problematic. Corvino described a dilemma in framing a question to have only two possible answers: Homosexuality as a choice, or homosexuality as hardwired.
“There are two separate issues here,” said Corvino. “One is the question of how we come to have the sexual orientation that we have. The other question is can we choose to change that in some way.”
Corvino writes in his book that he neither knows nor cares if he was “born” homosexual. “I don’t remember the way the world was when I was born, and I can’t discern my genetic makeup by simple introspection. All I know is that I’ve had these feelings for a long time, they’re a deep fact about me, and they’re not something that I can readily change, even if I wanted to.”
Corvino jokes that it’s almost heretical for a gay man to claim he doesn’t know if he was “born this way.”“I think a lot of gay people, in going through the coming out process, face the idea (particularly from their parents) that this is somehow an act of defiance,” said Corvino. “So they feel like, in order to establish that ‘no, this is a real and deep part of me,’ they have to show that they were somehow born with it.”
But Corvino points out that for a trait to be a real and deep characteristic of someone’s life, it doesn’t need to have a biological origin – like religion, for example. Furthermore, there are many biologically–driven human characteristics that can be changed, such as hair color. That’s not to imply one can change sexual orientation.
Being born with a trait, and whether you can change that trait, are two completely different issues, Corvino says.