Global Free trade has increased the income of a minority of Americans - Executives only.
As I said, there are more high paying jobs outsourced to the US because of global free trade. I am not sure how you can make that claim. These are not executive jobs. They are jobs given by Toyota and other foreign companies to workers who would otherwise be unemployed. You need to provide reason for your assumption that only executives benefit. Why would free trade raise the income of executives only? Free trade results in increased efficiency, allowing production to expand. Cheaper products result in higher real wages.
Competition did not destroy our manufacturing. Our manufacturing base was dwindling far before the economy went more global. What destroyed it was heavy regulation and unionization making manufacturing inefficient and unprofitable. Protectionist policies only subsidize the government's own poor policy. And even jobs lost because of such policies are replaced because of free trade. Do remember that the Smoot Hawley Tariff was enacted prior to the Great Depression and resulted in economic stagnation.
First of all, tax cuts to everyone return wealth back to everyone. If people have money, they will either invest it or spend it. Both actions stimulate production, either of consumer goods or capital goods. Money does not hide under mattresses.
How do higher taxes make people more likely to make risky investments? If they have less money, they will be more careful with it. If they have more money, they will be even more likely to dedicate it to a portion of such "risky" projects that they research. I don't see the logic behind your assumption that people are more likely to make high risks with less money. It seems the opposite would be true. And they are high risk for a reason. Many of them fail. So fewer people will invest in them initially. But when it becomes clear the project is successful, there will be more investment. I reject your assumption that high risk is always better. It doesn't really make complete sense.
BTW, the largest rates for GDP growth have always occured when the tax rates are the highest.
GDP growth is not the best economic indicator because it considers spending and growth to be equivalent, which is not true. During wartime, GDP goes up, despite the fact money is spent creating bombs and machines that destroy lives and wealth. Would you say we should always be in war to grow GDP? GDP would go up if an economy only produced pins and increased production of pins, even if the people were starving because no food was produced. Government spending essentially results in pins. Not to mention you can't add televisions and potato chips.
The roaring 20s was a period of immense growth with relatively low taxes, as was much of the 19th century, so I don't see that the empirical evidence backs up your claim. Nor have you explained your assumption (which doesn't seem true). Why would higher taxes results in more growth if it means people are given less money to invest with and spend? Government does not create wealth, it can only redistribute it. And a lot of it just goes to bureaucrats that produce absolutely nothing.