Yet Americans love science. Even as many in the U.S. reject certain scientific conclusions, National Science Foundation surveys have found that
public support of science is high, with more than 75 percent of Americans saying they are in favor of taxpayer-funded basic research.
"The whole discussion around scientific denial has become very, very simplified
Often, people's denial of scientific evidence is based on motivations
other than finding truth, such as
protecting their social identity, the research said.
For example, the more liberal a person is, the more likely he or she is to agree that humans are causing global warming; a conservative is far more likely to blame natural climate variation or say scientists are making the whole thing up.
Kahan's research has also shown that the more science-literate people are, the more strongly they hold to their beliefs — even if those
beliefs are totally wrong.
In other words, it's not about hating science or misunderstanding the facts. It's about motivation.
"Beliefs are difficult to budge, because people don't act like scientists,
weighing up evidence in an even-handed way," Matthew Hornsey, a psychologist at the University of Queensland, wrote in an email to Live Science. "When someone wants to believe something, then they act more like lawyers trying to prosecute what they already want to be true. And they cherry-pick the evidence to be able to do that."
The real question, Hornsey said, is why people want to believe something that flies in the face of scientific evidence. In some cases,
the reason can be political: Solving the problems created by climate change would mean standing in the way of the free market, something conservatives tend to oppose.