Is this something like that link to a purportedly "unbiased" article on the history of Palestine that tried to encapsulate 13 centuries of history in six short paragraphs, while giving about 30 times more space to Jewish history in Palestine. No wonder so many Z's have historical amnesia.
You are out to lunch on this one as usual:
Algebra was of course invented by Arabs, it is an Arabic word.
The concept of "zero" was invented by Muslims/Arabs.
Western digits are frequently referred to as "Arabic numerals" although this is a misnomer. They were invented in India. By Muslims.
Geometry - very many formulas developed by Muslims/Arabs.
Trigonometry (alrighty, it wasn't MY favorite subject either ... but it was invented and developed by Arabs)
Optics/astronomy. Camera Obscura was invented by Ibn Haytham in 1038 CE. Color spectrum identified.
In 8th cent., Caliph Al-Ma'mum founded an astronomical observatory in Shammasiya in Baghdad and Qasiyun in Damascus.
Five hundred years later, in 1420, Prince Ulugh Bey built a massive observatory in Samarqand, which was then followed in 1577 by another observatory built by Sultan Murad III in Istanbul.
Taqi al-Din in 16th century created astronomical tables and observational instruments to measure stars and stellar distances.
Philosophy. Aristotle was of course Greek, but in the early days of Christianity he was abandoned because of opposition to paganism. Muslims being more broadminded kept his thinking alive, elaborated on it, and handed it back to Europe during the Renaissance. Without Muslim scholarship, Aristotle would have been lost.
Mechanics/physics:
Moosaa Bin Shaakir , book of mechanics handed down to the west.
Al-Khazini. Accurate weights and specific gravity.
Architecture - Taj Mahal identified as greatest architectural wonder of modern age.
Ibn Firnas, 9th century constructed a flying machine, sometimes called "history's first aviator." Credited with creating the first parachute.
Oldest university is in China, second oldest in Fez, Morocco - University of Al Karaouine founded in 859
Medicine:
872 in Cairo, Egypt, first hospital the Ahmad ibn Tulun hospital (which also provided the first medical care to mentally ill)
Al-Zahrawi, often called the "father of surgery," wrote an illustrated encyclopedia that would ultimately be used as a guide to European surgeons for the next five hundred years. He invented most of the surgical instruments which are still in use today.
Ibn Nafis described the pulmonary circulation almost three hundred years before William Harvey, the English physician who is believed by many Westerners to have "discovered" it.
Vaccinations were in common use in various parts of the middle east, but still unknown in Europe until 1724, when the technique was introduced to England by the wife of the Turkish ambassador.
Chemistry
Muslims/Arabs discovered/developed processes for isolating alcohol (another Arabic word), potash, silver nitrate, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and mercuric chloride.
From
Overcoming Historical Amnesia: Muslim Contributions to Civilization | Craig Considine
Working in the 8th and 9th centuries in Andalucía, Jabir Ibn Hayyan, the founder of modern chemistry, transformed alchemy into chemistry through distillation, or separating liquids through differences in their boiling points. In addition to developing the processes of crystallization, evaporation, and filtration, he also discovered sulphuric and nitric acid. The historian Erick John Holmyard stated that Hayyan's work is as important, if not more, than that of Robert Boyle and Antoine Lavoisier, two European chemists who are frequently attributed to creating modern chemistry.
I am not even out of the middle ages yet, but there are so many compilations on "Muslim contributions to civilization" I will let you do your own search. You can start here and follow links:
Science in the medieval Islamic world - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
ibn Khaldun - 14th cent - one of the top historians, also often cited as the "father of modern social sciences."
Muslim Nobel laureates:
List of Muslim Nobel laureates - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
