Previous studies had found that adults who talk on cell phones while driving in simulators perform as dismally as
drunken study participants.
When talking on a cell phone, "drivers apparently attempt to divide attention between a phone conversation and driving, adjusting the processing priority of the two activities depending on task demands," the researchers behind the new study write in the journal Human Factors. That split in attention is worse than conversing with someone who is in the car, past research has found.
Texting is a whole other matter. It "requires drivers to switch their attention from one task to the other," the researchers said in a statement today. "When such attention-switching occurs as drivers compose, read, or receive a text, their overall reaction times are substantially slower than when they're engaged in a phone conversation."
Reading text messages affected braking time more than did composing messages.
The research was done by University of Utah psychologists Frank Drews, Dave Strayer and their colleagues. The simulations involved 20 men and 20 women between the ages of 19 and 23. The participants were described as experienced texters who had been driving an average of 4.75 years.