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Race/Ethnic-Specific Homicide Rates in New York City: Evaluating the Impact of Broken Windows Policing and Crack Cocaine Markets
The current study evaluated a range of social influences including misdemeanor arrests, drug arrests, cocaine consumption, alcohol consumption, firearm availability, and incarceration that may be associated with changes in gun-related homicides by racial/ethnic ...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Homicide Stud. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 Feb 8.
Published in final edited form as:
Homicide Stud. 2011 Aug; 15(3): 268–290.
doi: 10.1177/1088767911416917
PMCID: PMC3275435
NIHMSID: NIHMS351362
PMID: 22328820
Race/Ethnic-Specific Homicide Rates in New York City: Evaluating the Impact of Broken Windows Policing and Crack Cocaine Markets
Preeti Chauhan,1 Magdalena Cerdá,2 Steven F. Messner,3 Melissa Tracy,2 Kenneth Tardiff,4 and Sandro Galea2
"..,.Of the 14,230 homicides that occurred in NYC from 1990 to 1999, 10 occurred in Central Park and were removed because no one lives in that area, 2,072 (14.6%) were missing precinct of injury information, of which 1,368 (66.2%) were gun-related homicides. This resulted in 12,148 homicides classified by a valid precinct of injury.
Of these, 8,816 (72.6%) were gun-related homicides. Analyses were limited to
Black (n = 4,595; 54%),
Hispanic (n = 3,224; 38%),
White (n = 670; 8%) homicides,
for a total of 8,489 homicides.
Figure 1 illustrates race/ethnic-specific homicide rates per 100,000 for the entire city (i.e., all 74 precincts). The decline in homicide rates was particularly pronounced for Blacks and Hispanics, whereas the decline for Whites was less striking. Consistent with previous work, Blacks continued to exhibit higher homicide rates compared to Whites and Hispanics throughout the 1990s.
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