Some people are very resistant to putting certain strictures into historical context. If you left pork out in the hot sun way back when there was no refrigeration, there was a good chance you'd get sick and die. So, stick it in the holy book that people shouldn't eat pork. Probably prevented a lot of illness way back when. People who drink too much often become violent and hurt themselves or others. Ok, stick it in the book that you shouldn't drink too much (it doesn't actually say not to drink AT ALL, and there is a long history of imbibing in Islam). Probably helped prevent a lot of social trouble. I think that people can adhere to the fundamental tenets of their faith while understanding certain prohib itions in a rational historical context. But then, for some it is the unwavering adherence to every jot and tittle that is an essential part of the ritual proof of their piety and devotion. This too is understandable, but taken too far it can have (as we have seen) very unfortunate consequences.
The pork thing is interesting. One anthropologist thought it was because pigs compete for the same resource as humans. In a resource rich environment - forest land - which is their native habitat, it's not an issue. But in arid areas where water, shade, and food can be at a premium - pigs compete and goats/sheep/cattle do not. That is why pork is prohibited in religions that came out of the Middle East. Makes sense
But it's not just pork. At least for Orthodox Jewish people shellfish is also off the menu. Surely they don't compete for resources, but bad shellfish can kill ya and periodic changes in bacteria levels in local waters could and probably did make that happen from time to time. In the absence of detailed knowledge about such things, simply staying away from shellfish would be an easy way to avoid the problem. So, into the book it goes.
Pigs were dirty animals because they are very low to the ground, and, not only eat their own feces, but other animals' as well. Today however, they are raised different and those concerns no longer exist. Despite that, there are still certain problems with eating pork that are exclusive to that meat. Limiting pork consumption is a good idea, if not for religious then health reasons:
Harmful Bacteria Found in Samples of U.S. Pork
According to the study, 69% of pork chops and ground pork samples tested positive for Yersinia enterocolitica, a bug known to cause infections in about 100,000 Americans a year, especially kids. Other bacteria found in pork samples included enterococcus, staph, salmonella, and listeria. Twenty-three percent had none of the bacteria that was tested for. Some of the bacteria seen in the pork samples were resistant to antibiotics.
Trichinosis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Trichinosis, also called trichinellosis, or trichiniasis, is a parasitic disease caused by eating raw or undercooked pork infected with the larvae of a species of roundworm Trichinella spiralis, commonly called the trichina worm. There are eight Trichinella species; five are encapsulated and three are not.[1] Only three Trichinella species are known to cause trichinosis: T. spiralis, T. nativa, and T. britovi.[1]
Pork Safety | What's in Pork - Consumer Reports
Our analysis of pork-chop and ground-pork samples from around the U.S. found that yersinia enterocolitica, a bacterium that can cause fever, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, was widespread. Some samples harbored other potentially harmful bacteria, including salmonella. And there are more reasons to be concerned about “the other white meat.”
Shellfish, similar to pigs, are the scavengers of the ocean roaming it's bottom, consuming waste of other fish that makes its way to ocean floor.