Civil Rights Wex Legal Dictionary Encyclopedia LII Legal Information Institute (and yes, this applies to the "gays" too) Your personal religious beliefs do NOT give you the right to violate another person's civil rights and liberties. Sorry but they do not.
The most important expansions of civil rights in the United States occurred as a result of the enactment of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments of the U.S. Constitution. The Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery throughout the United States.
See U.S. Const. amend. XIII. In response to the Thirteenth Amendment, various states enacted "black codes" that were intended to limit the civil rights of the newly free slaves. In 1868 the Fourteenth Amendment countered these "black codes" by stating that no state "shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of the citizens of the United States... [or] deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, [or] deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."
See U.S. Const. amend. XIV. Section Five of the Fourteenth Amendment gave Congress the power by section five of the Fourteenth Amendment to pass any laws needed to enforce the Amendment.
During the reconstruction era that followed, Congress enacted numerous civil rights statutes. Many of these are still in force today and protect individuals from discrimination and from the deprivation of their civil rights.
Section 1981 of Title 42 (Equal Rights Under the Law) protects individuals from discrimination based on race in making and enforcing contracts, participating in lawsuits, and giving evidence.
See 42 U.S.C. § 1981. Other statutes, derived from acts of the reconstruction era, that protect against discrimination include: Civil Action for Deprivation of Rights (
See 42 U.S.C. § 1983); Conspiracies to Interfere With Civil Rights (
See 42 U.S.C. § 1985); Conspiracy Against Rights of Citizens (
See18 U.S.C. § 241); Deprivation of Rights Under Color of Law, (
See 18 U.S.C. § 242); The Jurisdictional Statue for Civil Rights Cases (
See 28 U.S.C. § 1443); and Peonage Abolished (
See 42 U.S.C. § 1994).