Whites were hired based on race exclusively by law until 56 years ago. So laws had to be made to stop that. Such laws you are calling institutional racism. You want a return to whites only and citing Charles Murray onlt cdements your position as a joke..
The land mass we live on was made 90 percent white due to the ethnic cleansing of indigenous tribes. You don't want to acknowledge that, which is part of your psychosis.
Now pay attention and learn.
The National Housing Act was a law passed by Congress and signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1934. This law created the
Federal Housing Administration or the FHA. The National Housing Act is the policy that has provided the greatest impact on individual wealth accumulation in modern America. This law expanded the power of the federal government and by doing so increased the governments ability to monitor the economy. Many of today’s republicans and others complaining about how government expansion is wrong benefitted from this government expansion. I say this because the FHA was able to create a guaranteed home loan program whereby potential homebuyers could get bank loans guaranteed against default by the government. But the government had standards and most of those standards were based on racist beliefs.
Between 1934 and 1968, the FHA implemented and put into practice a policy that still negatively impacts communities today.
The FHA Underwriting Manual set the guidelines real estate agents used to assess the value of homes in American neighborhoods. This manual promoted racist real estate practices by defending racially restrictive covenants and segregated communities. Due to this manual, the FHA was able to establish a neighborhood grading system based purely on false racist perceptions.
Redlining was the name of that grading system. Redlining has been well documented so there is no need for me to go into a long analysis of the policy. What I will say is that redlining was based on a premise of neighborhood decline caused by blacks that has never been proven. To this day blacks are accused of depreciating neighborhood values still without proof. My point here is the FHA was a government agency whose policies specifically provided whites with opportunities to increase wealth through homeownership. Unfortunately, the formation of the FHA and its guaranteed loan program only worked to increase white advantage.
Less than 5 percent of all government guaranteed loans between the time congress passed the National Housing Act in 1934 to 1968 went to blacks.