Well remember now copays are payable till one meets the deductible. I have done the plans every which way, and well multiply the premium X12 and add the deduct, that is the most OOP , and they mainly all come out the same, depending on income, no. of people in family and if one smokes or not.
We have little choice here. Remember now for lower incomes take a silver plan , cost sharing for lower deducts and OOP max.
We may or may not get a subsidy but its good to be signed up as one never knows if one has lower income due to many reasons.
There is some work that needs to be done to ACA, such as the smoking penalty is discrimination, since they do not ask if anything else about ones social sins, like unprotected sex, driving while intoxicated, smoking pot, eating to oblivion, fast and junk food junkie, heroin addict, NOPE, just smoking.
Also Trad IRA's and HSA can lower Agi among a few other things.
Agree with most of this. A great deal of the confusion, I find, as I read through the threads in this forum, comes from people who, prior to 2014, did not understand the process of applying for and (annually) renewing a health insurance policy.
Some apparently still don't understand. The assumption was "I've got insurance; therefore everyone else [who works hard and isn't a librul] also has insurance."
Many still don't understand that the PPACA is not insurance, but a way to access insurance that, under many circumstances, can help the consumer find subsidies based on the things you mentioned - income, number of family members, and, yes, smoking (will get to that in a minute).
What the PPACA also provides is an opportunity to report income annually so that, for example, if the insured's income changes up or down, if the insured changes jobs or is unemployed, these factors and others can be reflected in the premiums.
Before the PPACA, you paid your premiums regardless of your employment status. Miss a payment, lose your coverage. Sucks to be you. Not anymore.
As for smoking, the goal there is twofold. First, the costs of smoking-related illnesses are astronomical. In order to keep premiums on nonsmokers lower, yes, smokers pay more. However, very often their insurer can refer them to (covered) smoking cessation programs. And once they quit smoking, their premiums will be comparable to nonsmokers (aside from the fact that they'll live longer, healthier lives).
Penalizing other lifestyle choices is a little trickier but, again, many insurers offer rewards. Substance abuse counseling is covered, as is diet modification, exercise programs, etc. The focus is on getting and staying well, not on waiting until you get sick.