[ The More You Know ]
Report Highlights. The average student borrower takes 20 years to pay off their student loan debt.
- Some professional graduates take over 45 years to repay student loans.
- 21% of borrowers see their total student loan debt balance increase in the first 5 years of their loan.
- The average medical school graduate’s salary is not sufficient to make their student loan payments.
Related reports include
Student Loan Debt Statistics |
Average Student Loan Debt |
Student Loan Debt by State |
Average Student Loan Interest Rate |
Student Loan Refinancing
Undergraduate Class of 2022 Projected Student Loan Repayment Timelines (3.73% APR, $37,175 Average Debt†)
Monthly
Payment | Ultimate
Cost | Time to Zero Debt |
|---|
| $461‡ | $42,863 | 7 yrs, 9 mos |
| $372 | $44,595 | 10 yrs, 0 mos |
| $345â—Š | $45,341 | 10 yrs, 11 mos |
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The average debt is based on the federal student loan debt portfolio and does not necessarily reflect the true average debt for 2022 undergraduates.
‡
10% of the typical starting gross income value for recent graduates (Bachelor’s).
â—Š
10% of the typical starting net income value for recent graduates (Bachelor’s).
Average Student Loan Repayment Timelines
The amount of time it takes for an individual to repay their student loan debt depends on the initial amount borrowed, the loan’s interest rate, and repayment habits, among other factors.
- 10 years is the ideal timeline for paying off student loan debt according to financial experts and the U.S. Department of Education (ED).
- In practice, it takes borrowers closer to 20 years to pay off their student loans.
- 21.1 years was the average length of repayment in a 2013 study of 61,000 respondents.*
- 45% of student loan borrowers decrease their balance in the first five years of repayment.
- 21% of student loan borrowers increase their balance in that same period.
- The average medical school graduate’s salary is not sufficient to make their student loan payments.
*
More recent reports claim shorter timelines (~18.5 years), but this comes from a poll of 2,200 borrowers between the ages of 26 to 45.
Class of 2021 Student Loan Repayment Timelines
Because student loan interest rates are at historic lows, current students may reasonably expect to pay off their student loan debts within the recommended 10-year timeline.
- 3.73% is the 2021-2022 interest rate for Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized federal student loans to undergraduate borrowers.
- 2.75% is the 2020-2021 interest rate for Direct Subsidized and Unsubsidized federal student loans.
- 10% of income should go toward paying off debts according to federal guidelines.
- 36% of income is the maximum amount that should go toward paying off debt.
- $42,500 is the low-end starting salary for a new graduate with a bachelor’s degree.
- $73,800 is the high-end salary.
- $64,900 is the average annual salary for a recent graduate with a bachelor’s degree.
- $52,000 is the median salary for new graduates with bachelor’s degrees.
- 4 to 12+ years is the projected student loan debt repayment period for bachelor’s degree holders who graduate in 2021.
Associate’s Degree Debt Repayment (2.75% APR, $384 Monthly Payment)
| Average Debt | Ultimate Cost | Time to Zero Debt |
|---|
| $17,800 | $18,800 | 4 yrs, 1 mos |
| $28,300 | $31,000 | 6 yrs, 9 mos |
| $30,100 | $33,200 | 7 yrs, 3 mos |
Associate’s Degree Debt Repayment
Student borrowers with associate’s degrees are significantly less likely to take on student loan debt if they attend public institutions. Private school attendees are actually more likely than their bachelor’s degree-seeking peers to use student loans to pay for school.
- Just 41% of Associate’s degree holders who graduated from public institutions use student loans to pay for school.
- 84% of attendees of private, nonprofit schools take on student loan debt.
- 88% of attendees of private, for-profit schools take on student loan debt.
- $46,100 is the average annual salary for a recently graduated associate’s degree holder.
- 4 to 7+ years is the projected student loan debt repayment period for associate’s degree holders who graduate in 2021.
Bachelor’s Degree Debt Repayment (2.75% APR)
Monthly
Payment | Average
Debt | Ultimate
Cost | Time to Zero Debt |
|---|
| $354 | $29,500 | $32,800 | 7 yrs, 9 mos |
| $354 | $35,000 | $39,700 | 9 yrs, 4 mos |
| $354 | $45,300 | $53,700 | 12 yrs, 8 mos |
| $541 | $29,500 | $31,500 | 4 yrs, 10 mos |
| $541 | $35,000 | $37,900 | 5 yrs, 10 mos |
| $541 | $45,300 | $50,400 | 7 yrs, 9 mos |
| $615 | $29,500 | $31,300 | 4 yrs, 3 mos |
| $615 | $35,000 | $37,500 | 5 yrs, 1 mos |
| $615 | $45,300 | $49,700 | 6 yrs, 9 mos |
Graduate Student Loan Debt Repayment Timelines
Graduate and professional students, on average, borrow more for school than undergraduate students. Their income rates tend to be higher, as well.
- 4.3% is the interest rate for Direct Unsubsidized federal student loans to graduate or professional borrowers.
- 5.3% is the interest rate for Direct PLUS loans, which go to graduate or professional borrowers as well as parents of undergraduates borrowing on their behalf.
- $58,300 is the average student debt for a borrower who graduated from a public institution with a Master’s degree.
- $96,700 is the average debt for master’s degree holders who attended a private, for-profit institution.
- $101,200-$175,600 is the range of average debt for doctoral degree holders.
- $243,300 is the average debt for professional degree holders who attended private, nonprofit institutions.
- $77,800 is the average salary for a master’s degree holder.
- $96,800 and $97,900 are the average respective salaries for people with professional and doctoral degrees.
Master’s Graduate Student Loan Repayment ($669 Monthly Payment)
| APR % | Current
Debt | Ultimate
Cost | Time to Zero Debt |
|---|
| 4.3% | $58,300 | $70,000 | 8 yrs, 9 mo |
| 4.3% | $77,000 | $99,500 | 12 yrs, 5 mos |
| 4.3% | $96,700 | $136,500 | 17 yrs, 0 mos |
| 5.3% | $58,300 | $73,700 | 9 yrs, 2 mos |
| 5.3% | $77,000 | $107,800 | 13 yrs, 5 mos |
| 5.3% | $96,700 | $154,400 | 19 yrs, 3 mos |
Doctoral Graduate Student Loan Repayment ($833 Monthly Payment)
| APR % | Current
Debt | Ultimate
Cost | Time to Zero Debt |
|---|
| 4.3% | $98,700 | $128,700 | 12 yrs, 11 mos |
| 4.3% | $100,700 | $132,200 | 13 yrs, 3 mos |
| 4.3% | $171,400 | $311,300 | 31 yrs, 2 mos |
| 5.3% | $98,700 | $140,000 | 14 yrs, 0 mos |
| 5.3% | $100,700 | $144,300 | 14 yrs, 5 mos |
| 5.3% | $171,400 | $452,600 | 45 yrs, 3 mos |
Postgraduate Student Loan Debt Repayment Timelines
When indebted students return to school, they may not be required to make payments on any outstanding student loan debts. This does not mean, however, that these debts stop collecting interest. Students seeking postgraduate work may take out additional loans on top of existing student loan debt.
Professional Graduate Student Loan Repayment ($843 Monthly Payment)
| APR % | Current
Debt | Ultimate
Cost | Time to Zero Debt |
|---|
| 4.3% | $152,600 | $246,500 | 24 yrs, 4 mos 292 |
| 4.3% | $237,400 | NA** | NA |
| 4.3% | $203,600 | $472,700 | 46 yrs, 9 mos 561 |
| 5.3% | $152,600 | $307,400 | 30 yrs, 5 mos 365 |
| 5.3% | $237,400 | NA | NA |
| 5.3% | $203,600 | NA | NA |
Alternative Professional Graduate Student Loan Repayment
Monthly
Payment | % of
Income | APR % | Current
Debt | Ultimate
Cost | Time to Zero Debt |
|---|
| $1,685 | 20% | 4.3% | $237,400 | $331,100 | 16 yrs, 5 mos |
| $2,528 | 30% | | $237,400 | $289,900 | 9 yrs, 7 mos |
| $1,685 | 20% | 5.3% | $203,600 | $291,700 | 14 yrs, 5 mos
|
(full article online)
An in-depth analysis of how long it takes to pay off student loan debt with various incomes and educational attainment levels.
educationdata.org