Nothing about deepwater drilling is easy.
Currents associated with the Gulf Stream, which flows out of the Gulf and warms Western Europe, are troublesome and unpredictable in the deep. Sometimes drilling has to be suspended to keep the pipe string from breaking.
On the sea floor, water pressures are enormous and temperatures frigid, requiring heaters or additives to keep oil flowing. Deep in the Earth, pressures reach 20,000 pounds per square inch and temperatures 400 degrees Fahrenheit (200 Celsius).
Anadarko has not set a target date for Mission Deep production, spokesman John Christiansen said. It can take 10 years from the time the lease was purchased from the government -- 1998 in the case of Mission Deep.
To get the oil and gas to shore, companies have to perfect ultradeep water production equipment and lay pipelines or find other ways to market.
"As you go into deep water, it's mostly canyons," said Mike Conner, chief of technical assessment in the Gulf for the U.S. Minerals Management Service. "You have problems getting the path of least misery back to shore."
The U.S. Minerals Management Service is considering the Gulf's first Floating Production Storage and Offloading systems -- essentially big tankers that store oil until smaller ships can take it ashore. The system is in use elsewhere but has not been needed in the Gulf because pipelines are everywhere in the shallows.
None of these problems are show stoppers if prices stay high, Conner said. "It's just a matter of economics."