Galapagos study finds that new species can develop in as little as two generations
November 23, 2017
The arrival 36 years ago of a strange bird to a remote island in the Galapagos archipelago has provided direct genetic evidence of a novel way in which new species arise.
In this week's issue of the journal Science, researchers from Princeton University and Uppsala University in Sweden report that the newcomer belonging to one species mated with a member of another species resident on the island, giving rise to a new species that today consists of roughly 30 individuals.
The study comes from work conducted on Darwin's finches, which live on the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean. The remote location has enabled researchers to study the evolution of biodiversity due to natural selection.
The direct observation of the origin of this new species occurred during field work carried out over the last four decades by B. Rosemary and Peter Grant, two scientists from Princeton, on the small island of Daphne Major.
Read more at:
https://phys.org/new...pecies.html#jCp
Pretty cool. Every ******* day new evidence comes in to support evolution!
Yes some species remain unchanged over tens of millions of years....evolution must not be uniform
Actually- not exactly true
Are there some animals that have stopped evolving?
But that doesn't make it a true living fossil. A second study, also published in 2013, examined coelacanth fossils and DNA. It found that
the two living species are significantly different to their dinosaur-era ancestors, both in their genes and in the design of their bodies.
"The phrase [living fossil] implies that evolution has not acted on the organism over these long timescales," say Chris Amemiya and Mark Robinson of the Benaroya Research Institute in Seattle, Washington, who worked on the coelacanth genome project. "That is clearly shown not to be true for coelacanths."
Quite simply, their skeletons have changed. A second dorsal fin has transformed from spiny to lobed, and they have lost bones around the rim of the mouth and around their scales. Coelacanths living 400 million years ago were not identical to the fish that live on in 2015. So are there other animals that really haven't changed their bodies?
Tadpole shrimps look even more prehistoric than coelacanths. Each one has a carapace that resembles a sequin. This protects a long tail-like abdomen ending in two long, thin appendages that look like antennae.
It seems the key to the tadpole shrimps' survival may be how they reproduce
Tadpole shrimps are found as far apart as China and Scotland, and have survived for 300 million years. That means they survived the Permian extinction, often known as the Great Dying, which wiped out almost every other animal species.
Given that, you might think tadpole shrimps have evolution all figured out. But genetics says otherwise. According to a 2013 analysis,
tadpole shrimps have evolved and diversified significantly over millions of years. "There is clear evidence of evolution," says study leader
Africa Gómez of the University of Hull in the UK.
In fact it seems the key to the tadpole shrimps' survival may be how they reproduce. A single tadpole shrimp can reproduce without a partner, because they are both male and female.