The Supreme Court was set up to interpret law in the context to which it was originally written to be interpreted, during those moments which it had been debated. Again, if you look at history the women's suffrage movement took their case of voting rights using the 14th Ansndment to establish their cause and argument for equal rights among women. That effort had failed. Their second attempt would be through the legislative process as well as seeking a majority vote from among the states.
The supreme court interprets laws as they are written. Any discussion about the law before it is passed doesn't matter. The actual wording of the law, as passed, is their only consideration.
The context of the law as it was written, and its "original intent" through the minds and purpose of those who had written the law is all that matters. To read into a law with the purpose to find "justification" beyond the "original intent" and purpose to which the issues of that law were discussed and debated to address, amounts to .. by definition .. judicial activism
The purpose of the 13th and 14th amendment for example, was to address the issue of that time .. slavery and equality among race. History shows the women's suffrage movement tried to use the 14th amendment to extend its intent to include women's equal rights and "equality" between genders as well. It failed, based on the fact it wasn't the original intent and purpose behind establishing the 14th amendment initially, as it focused was on equality among race not gender. That is the proper way to "correctly" interpret the Constitution. Women never gave up their cause, and they looked WITHIN the wording of the Constitution to have their separate concerns for equality addressed legislatively and through the Amendment process. They would see their right debated and later ADDED to the Constitution in addressing their fight for an equal voice. Two seperate equality issues, two amendments that address each one, allowing each a voice from "the people" and their respective legislatures. This is how the Constitution is properly followed as the Founders have given us clear specific instruction to do.