"...Simple concepts to complicated for you?..."
Let's turn the tables a bit and have some fun and put you to the test, in this very context.
1. You are the Drone Firing Authorization Person (President, General, whatever).
2. A known terrorist surfaces who has killed your countrymen and who is going to kill more.
3. He is overseas and out of your reach and the reach of the host-country police, except for your Drone technology.
4. This is the first time he's surfaced since he last killed Americans.
5. If you do not hit him now he will surely kill more Americans - many more - and soon.
6. If you do not hit him now he will go-to-ground and may never be accessible again.
7. Your Drone-Operating Command is asking you for permission to fire.
8. What is your decision? (a) "Fire", or (b) "Hold Fire"?
Need to add, ...
No, I disagree. We really do
not 'need to add'. We are establishing a baseline.
The 8-point scenario is designed to establish a baseline which gauges who is willing to Fire and who is not, with past and future American civilian casualties in the balance.
We can add qualifiers and caveats all the live-long day to play-out a wide array of variations and permutations...
But it is pointless to pursue such scenarios in-depth and exhaustively unless we first separate those
not willing to Fire under any circumstances from those who
are willing to Fire under a variety of circumstances.
A baseline provides that preliminary separation, so that we may proceed, profitably, with the subset who
are willing to Fire under various circumstances.
"...9. He is in a ally country to which we are not at war..."
(9)(a)... what about countries that give us permission to operate drones in their airspace?
(9)(b)... what about countries that cannot (or will not) control a region where terrorists have bases?
"...10. If he were such a bad guy then a trial or at least a grand jury was formed indicating the person..."
If we are talking about a non-US citizen, then this is incorrect. We are engaged in war-operations and we are talking about Enemy Combatants or Leadership. We kill such persons under the aegis of legitimate military operations. Nothing more is required.
If we are talking about a US citizen overseas, collaborating with our enemies, things get a little murkier, but under circumstances wherein (5) and (6) [above] are operative, there is no time to convene a grand jury, etc. - he may surface and disappear again within the space of a single hour or even less, and the choice then becomes letting him go or taking him out during this narrow and rapidly-closing window of opportunity. Again, we are talking about a US citizen that has 'gone over to the enemy' - not some innocent lamb. That's a tricky one.
"...The decision was not made by the CIA alone who has made lots of bad decisions...."
You and I are in complete agreement here, From what little I understand of our control and command structures and what is required to issue a Kill Order, I think our decision-making and authorization and accountability processes suck... big time... and need one helluva lot of work... at least insofar as the occasional and rare US citizen kill overseas is concerned.
"...11. The man is targeted by a known and well trusted informant, not just anyone who places a targeting chip for money..."
You and I are in complete agreement here, as well. Our intelligence sucks sometimes and our targeting-assist assets on the scene are oftentimes entirely unreliable.
"...12. He is not an American."
My own opinion on this is reflected above, for whatever little it's worth.