It doesn't assume a thing about the concentration of wealth.
Of course it does. Otherwise you would not assume that the income distribution under existing pro-capital law, but before any redistribution through taxes (or other means), is natural and proper. And if you did not assume that, you would not have made the statement that you did.
Income redistribution is a moral issue, not an economic issue.
I disagree. It is a moral issue AND an economic issue, because distribution of wealth has a profound impact on the functioning of the economy.
Redistribution means taking wealth from the people who earned for the purpose of enriching people who haven't earned it.
No, that's what capitalism does. As I noted above, "earning" implies working, and capitalism is designed to reward owners at the expense of earners. Wealth redistribution within a context of capitalism involves efforts to avoid having wealth concentrate to much OUT of the hands that have worked for it.
Since every person in this country has an equal stake in its success
That is not true, and therefore anything you said that is logically dependent on it is not supported.
What you are attempting here is to deliberately obscure the distinction between wealth that is obtained morally, that is wealth obtained through voluntary transactions, and wealth that is obtain immorally, that is wealth that is obtained through force, such as through taxation or theft.
On the contrary, what I am doing is recognizing that many transactions that you put into the first category properly belong in the second. For example, hardly anyone takes a job voluntarily. As the saying goes, a hungry belly makes no free agreements; you might as well say that the laboratory rat runs a maze "voluntarily" for the reward of food.
It's true that the individual company hiring someone has not, all by itself without cooperation from other companies and the government, applied coercion to its employees. However, that means little. Suppose that you and I and a third party are in my kitchen, which is a mess. I offer you a dollar to clean up my kitchen. You refuse. The other guy pulls a gun and put it to your head and says, "Clean up Dragon's kitchen. The pay just dropped to fifty cents." I stand there with my arms folded, saying nothing. You clean up the kitchen at gunpoint, and I pay you the dollar I originally offered.
I, personally, have not coerced you in any way. Nevertheless, your agreement to clean my kitchen for a dollar was not voluntary. The same applies to most employees.
True, enforcing property rights affects the "distribution" of wealth only because failure to enforce them means any thug can come along and take whatever you have earned.
That's true, but there's more to it than that, involving the idea that people who own capital also own what capital produces. This is a relatively novel concept, emerging with civilization and not held by our pre-civilized ancestors, who saw all capital property (land, in those days) as the common holding of the tribe or band, and only goods as being privately owned. For example, the flint quarry was the property of the band, but tools made by the tool-maker belonged to the tool-maker. The tool-maker could not employ others to make tools and own those tools on the grounds that he owned the flint quarry -- he didn't, the band owned it.
We have, purely as a way to defend privilege, gone from a labor-based idea of ownership (the hunter owns the kill, the maker owns the tool, etc.) to a capital-based idea of ownership. There is no natural morality in this and it leads to an excess of greed and the violation of natural morality.
It implies no such thing. That's the Marxian conception of the term, not the moral definition.
No. It's the natural human definition, the normal concept adopted by people in their pre-civilized tribes, that people naturally and normally tend to adopt when not corrupted by capitalist training. Marx certainly did not invent the idea, he merely re-adopted it.
To "earn" something is to receive it through a voluntary exchange.
Setting aside the fact that capitalist apologists call exchanges "voluntary" that are anything but, this is actually a modern redefining of natural moral considerations.
The point of capitalism is to ban the use of force from human relations.
LOL. This statement is so absurd it hardly merits a reply. Capitalism ENSHRINES force in human relations, weaving it seamlessly into the system so that the system cannot operate without it. Capitalism is institutionalized theft and enslavement, a system that turns the majority of the population into lab rats running mazes for food pellets.
In the pre-capitalist past, most people were their own masters, owning their own small farms or small craft businesses. Turning freedom (by which I mean the state of not having a boss) from the norm into a rare privilege was the essence of creating a capitalist economy. And it was all done by force, force enshrined in law, force applied by the state.
Capitalism is theft.