Can you point out one positive mutation that benefitted an organism ?
Sickle cell. A mutation that affects hemoglobin. A single mutation, affecting only one allele, gives the individual resistance to malaria. If a person has it in both alleles, s/he will have sickle cell disease, giving a shortened life expectency of 42-48.
In sub-Saharan Africa, resistance to malaria is a very good thing, and historically, dying in your 40's wasn't too far off normal life expectency (some countries in the region still have life expectencies that low). In non-malaria regions, it's not a positive trait. So, evolution would predict that a trait like sickle cell would spread in areas where it gives a survival advantage and not be common in an area where it doesn't. Which is what we see.
How many mutations would it take for one organism to evolve into a completely new destinct organism ?
It depends. Anything where the new or seperate population would no longer voluntarily breed with the parent or cousin populations...a combination of mutations and natural selection. There's no set answer.
How many mutations does a human go through over their complete life ?
None, as far as I know. To the best of my knowledge, mutations occur at conception.
Where does the new information come from to produce a new species ?
Any mutation is new information.
Because as far as i can see a dog has the genetics to produce dogs and humans have the genetics to produce humans.
Right. But what is the relationship between dogs, wolves, and coyotes?