The complaints about the SAT's are all hinged on one unfortunate fact of life:
Different demographic groups of people have differing ability levels - whether you are referring to academics, athletics, strength, endurance, whatever.
Academic people don't like this fact. They want the world to change, so that if the population is 8% Croatian and 15% Nigerian, then that same proportion will be spread throughout any measures of accomplishment or proficiency. But reality - damn it - will not comply.
When I applied for a job with the U.S. Federal government in 1974, people who were applying for "professional" positions were required to take the "PACE" test. The Professional and Administrative Career Exam some such thing.
It was a general knowledge and intelligence test. With my 5 point Veterans' Preference, my score was 104%, and I was hired within a few months after taking the test.
Not surprisingly though, the number of so-called, Negroes who scored high enough to be considered for hiring was so small as to be non-existent. During the period when the PACE test was used, essentially no Negroes were hired for professional or administrative positions (outside our Nation's Capital) on the basis of the test.
This was the height of the "Affirmative Action" era, and President Carter found this to be unacceptable. The Office of Personnel Management then published a bulletin stating that the PACE test was being discontinued, and they were going to develop a written test that would guarantee that the pool of the highest scores was demographically identical to the population at large.
Clearly, they were delusional, and despite many years of trying they were never able to develop such a test. But in the absence of a test, they began evaluating applicants mainly on touchy-feely criteria, but mainly on their grades in college. So people who went to "historically Black" colleges and graduated with 4.0 QPA's were golden. Absurdly, they were hired over people who graduated from, say Carnegie Mellon University, and only were able to manage a 3.8 QPA.
Truly, the lunatics were running the assylum.
But what do you expect? It's the federal government.